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首页> 外文学位 >Field investigations of foliar fertilizer strategies of soybean mn deficiency in Michigan and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application strategies in corn-soybean rotations in the united states.
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Field investigations of foliar fertilizer strategies of soybean mn deficiency in Michigan and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application strategies in corn-soybean rotations in the united states.

机译：美国密歇根州大豆mn缺乏的叶面施肥策略的田间调查以及美国玉米-大豆轮作中磷钾肥的施用策略。

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摘要

Manganese deficiency in soybeans is an annual management issue on high pH, high organic matter soils in Michigan. Soil characteristics render soil Mn unavailable for plant uptake, necessitating in-season foliar fertilizer applications to meet plant Mn requirements. In 2009, research studies were established at two central Michigan muck soil locations. Fertilizers were applied either as tank-mixes with glyphosate when possible or separated by at least three days before or seven days after glyphosate. Three Mn fertilizers were evaluated: MnSO4, a sugar alcohol Mannitol, and MnSO4 chelated with EDTA. All fertilizers alleviated Mn deficiency in the field, but MnSO4 application was most effective at increasing tissue Mn concentrations. Manganese fertilizers influenced soybean leaf Mn levels similarly when tank-mixed with glyphosate or applied separately. Manganese deficiencies reduced yield at three of the six sites years. At one responsive site, all fertilizer treatments increased yield above the control. At the two other responsive sites, MnSO4 and Mannitol applied separately from glyphosate resulted in the greatest yield. A second project to evaluate additional Mn fertilizers was initiated in 2010 at the same two muck soil sites. Fertilizers were applied at a low and high rate as suggested on product labels. At both sites in 2010 and 2011, two fertilizer applications were required to treat Mn deficiency symptoms. MnSO4 tended to increase tissue Mn concentrations compared to other products. Manni-plex, Citraplex, and Max-In applied at the high rate generally resulted in higher leaf Mn level compared to other products. Products with EDTA chelates often did not increase tissue Mn levels above that of the untreated control. Applications of MnSO4 at both high and low rates and Citraplex, Manni-plex and Max-In at high rates consistently resulted in higher yields. The use of unchelated or low molecular weight fertilizer products increase foliar fertilizer uptake and result in higher yields than products with higher molecular weight EDTA formulations. As part of a broad six-state project to address agronomic limitations of soybean yield and quality, trials were initiated in Arkansas, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, and Minnesota to examine the impact of P and K fertilizer strategies on corn and soybean grain yield. Fertilizer rates were determined by local state recommendations for a two year corn-soybean rotation and applied at 1x and 2x rates for each crop annually in the spring before crop establishment or biannually as one application both crops prior to corn in the first year. Corn grain yield was increased by fertilizer application at five of twelve sites with initial soil test P and K values in the medium range or higher. At sites with either P or K soil test values below the medium soil test range, increases in corn grain yield with fertilizer application were noted at five of eighteen sites. Yield responses were variable, with increasing fertilizer rates associated with decreasing corn yield at some locations. Soybean grain yield was increased at three site years, all at locations with soil test P in the medium or lower range. No clear trend was observed at these three sites indicating a difference in annual and biannual fertilizer applications. These results uphold current university P and K fertilizer recommendations.
机译：大豆中的锰缺乏是密歇根州高pH，高有机质土壤上的年度管理问题。土壤特性使土壤锰无法用于植物吸收，因此必须按季节施用叶面肥才能满足植物锰的需求。 2009年，在密歇根州中部的两个粪便土壤位置进行了研究。在可能的情况下，将肥料与草甘膦混合使用，或者在草甘膦之前至少三天或之后七天分开使用。评估了三种锰肥：MnSO4，糖醇甘露醇和EDTA螯合的MnSO4。所有肥料都可以缓解田间锰缺乏，但是使用MnSO4可以最有效地提高组织中的Mn浓度。当与草甘膦桶混或单独施用时，锰肥料对大豆叶片锰含量的影响相似。锰缺乏导致六个地点三年中的三个年度减产。在一个响应部位，所有肥料处理的产量均高于对照。在另外两个响应部位，MnSO4和甘露醇与草甘膦分开施用可产生最大产量。第二个评估其他锰肥的项目于2010年在相同的两个土质土壤地点启动。按照产品标签上的建议，以低速和高速施用肥料。在2010年和2011年这两个地点，都需要两次施肥来治疗锰缺乏症状。与其他产品相比，MnSO4倾向于增加组织中的Mn浓度。与其他产品相比，高用量的Manni-plex，Citraplex和Max-In通常导致较高的叶片Mn含量。含有EDTA螯合物的产品通常不会使组织中的Mn含量高于未处理的对照。高，低速施用MnSO4以及高速施用Citraplex，Manni-plex和Max-In始终可以提高产量。与具有较高分子量EDTA配方的产品相比，使用非螯合或低分子量肥料产品可提高叶面肥料的吸收量，并提高产量。作为解决大豆产量和品质的农艺局限性的大型六州项目的一部分，在阿肯色州，爱荷华州，肯塔基州，路易斯安那州，密歇根州和明尼苏达州启动了试验，以研究磷钾肥策略对玉米和大豆籽粒的影响让。施肥量是根据当地政府对玉米-大豆两年轮换的建议确定的，并在作物定植前的春季每年以每种作物的1倍和2倍的比例施肥，或者在种植第一年的玉米之前每两年两次施肥。在最初的土壤试验P和K值在中等或更高的范围内，在十二个地点中的五个地点施肥可增加玉米的产量。在P或K土壤测试值低于中等土壤测试范围的地点，在18个地点中的五个地点发现了施肥使玉米谷物产量增加。产量响应是可变的，在某些地方，肥料用量的增加与玉米产量的下降有关。在土壤位点P在中等或较低范围内的三个地点，所有年份的大豆籽粒产量都增加了。在这三个地点均未观察到明显的趋势，表明年度和两年一次的肥料施用量存在差异。这些结果支持了当前大学对磷肥和钾肥的建议。

著录项

  • 作者

    Boring, Timothy John.;

  • 作者单位

    Michigan State University.;

  • 授予单位 Michigan State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 156 p.
  • 总页数 156
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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