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首页> 外文学位 >Competitive interactions in a pecan (Carya illinoinensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alleycropping system in the southern United States.
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Competitive interactions in a pecan (Carya illinoinensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alleycropping system in the southern United States.

机译：美国南部美洲山核桃（Carya illinoinensis K.Koch）-棉花（Gossypium hirsutum L.）的套种系统中的竞争性相互作用。

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摘要

A research project was conducted at the West Florida Research and Education Center Research Farm of the University of Florida (Jay, Florida) to examine the competitive interactions involving light in a pecan-cotton alleycropping system. Polyethylene root barriers were used to prevent belowground interaction between pecan and cotton in half the numbers of test plots.;Light distribution (interception and absorption) was greatly affected by leaf area index of both pecan and cotton. Interspecific competition resulted in varying leaf morphology (e.g., specific leaf area) resulting in variations in canopy net photosynthesis (Pnet). Eliminating belowground competition via the barrier treatment resulted in a tri-fold increase in Pnet over the non-barrier and was comparable to the Pnet in monoculture. Despite 50% shading in the alleys, the barrier treatment had similar biomass to that of monoculture. Although cotton yield was similar for the monoculture and barrier treatments during the first year of the study, a slight decrease was noted in cotton yield in the barrier treatment in the second year. Biomass and lint yield always remained lower in the non-barrier treatment compared to the other two treatments.;Cotton root morphology was also affected by interspecific competition. Shading resulted in the allocation of more carbon to the aboveground components at the expense of the root systems, resulting in lower root:shoot ratio compared to the monoculture. Plants in the non-barrier treatment exhibited 25% and 33% reduction in total root length compared to barrier and monoculture, respectively. Similar reduction in root length density was observed in comparison to the other two treatments. Results also revealed significant curvilinear relationships between root length and root biomass regardless of treatment, but the magnitude of relationship varied, with non-barrier plants producing significantly lower root length compared to the barrier and monoculture for the same amount of carbon.;Results of simulation modeling indicated that the CROPGR4-cotton model can be used to predict cotton biomass under varying light levels. Correlation analyses indicated a significant relationship between measured and simulated aboveground biomass (R2 = 0.95 and R2 = 0.92, respectively for 2001 and 2002).;Results from this study can be used to improve system design and management techniques of pecan-cotton and similar alleycropping systems in the temperate region.
机译：在佛罗里达大学（佛罗里达州杰伊市）的西佛罗里达研究与教育中心研究农场进行了一项研究项目，以研究在山核桃－棉花的套种系统中涉及光的竞争性相互作用。聚乙烯根部阻隔层用于防止山核桃和棉花在地下的交互作用数量减少一半；光分布（拦截和吸收）受山核桃和棉花的叶面积指数影响很大。种间竞争导致叶片形态（例如特定叶面积）变化，导致冠层净光合作用（Pnet）变化。通过屏障处理消除了地下竞争，导致Pnet的增长比非屏障提高了三倍，与单培养中的Pnet相当。尽管小巷中有50％的阴影，但隔离处理的生物量与单培养的相似。尽管在研究的第一年，单作和屏障处理的棉花产量相似，但第二年在屏障处理中的棉花产量略有下降。与其他两种处理相比，无障碍处理的生物量和皮棉产量始终较低。棉根形态也受到种间竞争的影响。遮荫导致更多的碳分配给地上部分，而以根系为代价，与单一栽培相比，导致根部/枝根比降低。与隔离和单一栽培相比，非隔离处理的植物的总根长分别减少了25％和33％。与其他两种处理相比，观察到根长密度的相似降低。结果还显示了根长和根生物量之间的显着曲线关系，无论处理如何，但关系的大小各不相同，在相同碳量下，无障碍植物的根长比障碍和单一栽培的根长要低得多。建模表明，CROPGR4-棉模型可用于预测不同光照水平下的棉花生物量。相关分析表明，实测的和模拟的地上生物量之间存在显着的相关性（2001年和2002年分别为R2 = 0.95和R2 = 0.92）。这项研究的结果可用于改善山核桃棉和类似的小胡作草的系统设计和管理技术温带地区的系统。

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  • 作者

    Zamora, Diomides Santos.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of Florida.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Culture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 136 p.
  • 总页数 136
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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