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首页> 外文学位 >Speciation in the genus Agrodiaetus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): Karyotypic diversification and reinforcement of pre-zygotic isolation.
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Speciation in the genus Agrodiaetus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): Karyotypic diversification and reinforcement of pre-zygotic isolation.

机译：农杆菌属（鳞翅目：Lycaenidae）的物种：核型多样化和合子前分离的加强。

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摘要

The role of chromosomal rearrangements in maintaining post-zygotic isolation between well-established species is not controversial, however little evidence supports or refutes their importance in speciation. The large genus Agrodiaetus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) provides a model system to study the effect of karyotypic diversity on speciation. Agrodiaetus butterflies exhibit unusual interspecific diversity in chromosome number, from n=10 to n=134, whereas most lycaenid butterflies have n=23/24. Most aspects of their morphology, including genitalia and other characteristics are largely uniform, but different species can vary considerably in male wing color. The only other examples of diverse species karyotypes in Lycaenidae are found in Lysandra and Plebicula. These genera are closely related to Agrodiaetus. Nuclear and mitochondrial markers showed that Agrodiaetus, Lysandra and Plebicula are monophyletic lineages that acquired their karyotypic diversities independently. The genus Agrodiaetus originated approximately 3 million years ago, giving rise to 124 species recognized today. Male wing coloration is commonly used in mate recognition in butterflies, and is a labile character in Agrodiaetus. Comparative phylogenetic methods revealed that the sympatric distribution of 15 relatively young sister taxa of Agrodiaetus strongly correlates with differences in male wing color. This pattern is most likely the result of reinforcement, in which natural selection drives the evolution of enhanced species discrimination. Little evidence was found to support sympatric speciation in Agrodiaetus . Rather, karyotypic changes appear to have accumulated gradually in allopatry, prompting reinforcement when karyotypically divergent populations came into secondary contact. These data argue against differential fusion as the mechanism responsible for the differences in male wing coloration, although differential fusion contributed to augmenting the karyotypic diversity found among young sympatric Agrodiaetus species. Consequently, the more chromosomal rearrangements accumulate between diverging allopatric populations, the higher chance that these populations will persist in secondary sympatry and become true biological species. Finally, comparison of sister groups uncovered positive correlation between karyotypic diversity and net species diversification in Agrodiaetus. These results indicate that rapid karyotypic diversification in this genus has contributed to its exceptional rate of speciation. Thus chromosomal rearrangements can play an active role in the final stages of speciation.
机译：染色体重排在维持成熟种之间的合子后分离中的作用没有争议，但是很少有证据支持或驳斥它们在物种形成中的重要性。大型农杆菌属（鳞翅目：Lycaenidae）提供了一个模型系统来研究核型多样性对物种形成的影响。 Agrodiaetus蝴蝶表现出不同寻常的种间多样性，从n = 10到n = 134，而大多数lycaenid蝴蝶的n = 23/24。它们形态的大多数方面，包括生殖器和其他特征在很大程度上是一致的，但是不同的物种在雄性机翼颜色上可能有很大的差异。 Lycaenidae中不同物种核型的唯一其他例子是在Lysandra和Plebicula中。这些属与农杆菌属密切相关。核和线粒体标记表明，农杆菌，Lysandra和Plebicula是一系谱系，独立获得其核型多样性。 Agrodiaetus属起源于大约三百万年前，导致今天公认的124种。雄翅的颜色通常用于蝴蝶的伴侣识别中，并且在Agrodiaetus中是不稳定的角色。比较的系统发育方法表明，农杆菌的15个相对年轻的姐妹类群的同胞分布与雄性翼色的差异密切相关。这种模式很可能是强化的结果，其中自然选择驱动了物种识别能力的增强。几乎没有证据支持阿格罗迪耶斯的同胞形态。相反，核型变化似乎已在异位症中逐渐积累，并在核型不同的种群进行二次接触时促使其加强。这些数据反对差异融合是造成雄性机翼颜色差异的机制，尽管差异融合有助于增加年轻同胞农杆菌的核型多样性。因此，在不同的异源种群之间积累的染色体重排越多，这些种群将继续存在于继发性共生物种中并成为真正的生物物种的可能性就越高。最后，通过对姐妹群体的比较，发现了农杆菌的核型多样性和净物种多样性之间存在正相关。这些结果表明，该属的快速核型多样化已为其特殊的物种形成率做出了贡献。因此，染色体重排可在物种形成的最后阶段发挥积极作用。

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  • 作者

    Kandul, Nikolai Petrovich.;

  • 作者单位

    Harvard University.;

  • 授予单位 Harvard University.;
  • 学科 Biology Entomology.;Biology Genetics.;Biology Zoology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 228 p.
  • 总页数 228
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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