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首页> 外文学位 >Evaluation of the immobilized soil bioreactor for naphthenic acids degradation in oil sands process waters.
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Evaluation of the immobilized soil bioreactor for naphthenic acids degradation in oil sands process waters.

机译：固定化土壤生物反应器在油砂工艺用水中环烷酸降解的评估。

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摘要

Extraction of bitumen from Alberta oil sands produces 2 to 4 barrels of aqueous tailings per barrel of crude oil. Oil sands process water (OSPW) contains naphthenic acids (NAs), a complex mixture of carboxylic acids of the form CnH2n+ZOx that are persistent and toxic to aquatic organisms. Previous studies have demonstrated that aerobic biodegradation reduces NA concentrations and OSPW toxicity; however, treatment times are long.;The role of AOB in NA removal was investigated by decreasing ammonium concentration and inhibiting AOB activity with allylthiourea, neither of which significantly affected removal, indicating that AOB did not enhance NA removal. Furthermore, high AOB populations actually inhibited the removal of a simple NA surrogate. Therefore, a moderate ammonium concentration of 0.3 g/L is recommended. NA degradation occurred with nitrate as the sole nitrogen source, however, removal levels were lower than those achieved with ammonium.;Exploratory studies involving ozonation or biostimulation were conducted with the aim of increasing NA removal. Ozonation decreased NA concentration by 94% and total organic carbon (TOC) by 6%. Subsequent ISBR treatment removed ∼30% of the remaining TOC.;Addition of a NA surrogate increased heterotrophic NA-degrading populations due to the increase in available carbon, resulting in a significant increase in NA removal levels. However, use of a surrogate may result in a population that is only adapted to degradation of the NA surrogate.;The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of an immobilized soil bioreactor (ISBR) for treatment of NAs in OSPW and to determine the role of ammonium and ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in NA removal. ISBRs have been used to successfully remediate water contaminated with pollutants such as pentachlorophenol and petroleum hydrocarbons. A system of two ISBRs was operated continuously for over 2 years with OSPW as the sole source of carbon. Removal levels of 30-40% were consistently achieved at a residence time of 7 days, a significant improvement compared to half-lives of 44 to 240 days reported in the literature. However, similar to biodegradation experiments in the literature, a significant portion (∼60%) of the NAs was not degraded.
机译：从艾伯塔省油砂中提取沥青每桶原油可产生2-4桶含水尾矿。油砂工艺水（OSPW）包含环烷酸（NAs），这是CnH2n + ZOx形式的羧酸的复杂混合物，对水生生物具有持久性和毒性。先前的研究表明，好氧生物降解降低了NA浓度和OSPW毒性。通过降低铵盐浓度和烯丙基硫脲抑制AOB活性来研究AOB在NA去除中的作用，但二者均未显着影响去除，表明AOB并未增强NA去除。此外，高AOB人口实际上抑制了简单的NA替代物的去除。因此，建议铵盐浓度为0.3 g / L。以硝酸盐为唯一氮源时会发生NA降解，但是其去除水平低于铵盐。进行臭氧化或生物刺激的探索性研究旨在提高NA的去除率。臭氧化使NA浓度降低了94％，总有机碳（TOC）降低了6％。随后的ISBR处理去除了约30％的剩余TOC。由于可用碳的增加，添加了NA替代物增加了异养NA降解种群，导致NA去除水平显着提高。然而，使用替代物可能导致种群仅适于降解NA替代物。这项研究的目的是评估固定化土壤生物反应器（ISBR）在OSPW中处理NAs的可行性并确定铵和铵氧化细菌（AOB）在去除NA中的作用。 ISBR已用于成功修复被五氯苯酚和石油烃等污染物污染的水。由OSPW作为唯一碳源，由两个ISBR组成的系统连续运行了2年以上。在停留时间为7天时，去除率始终达到30-40％，与文献中报道的44至240天的半衰期相比，显着提高。但是，类似于文献中的生物降解实验，很大一部分（约60％）的NA并没有降解。

著录项

  • 作者

    McKenzie, Natalie.;

  • 作者单位

    Queen's University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Queen's University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.;Chemistry Molecular.;Biogeochemistry.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 69 p.
  • 总页数 69
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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