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The effect of injury severity on behavioral tasks used for the assessment of cognitive functioning following traumatic brain injury.

机译：损伤严重程度对行为任务的影响，用于评估脑外伤后的认知功能。

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摘要

Cognitive impairment is the most frequent cause of disability in humans following traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet the behavioral tasks used to assess cognitive behavior in rodent models of brain injury are underrepresented in the field. Additionally, few of these tasks have been used to assess behavior across degrees of injury severity. The goal of the present study was to compare four behavioral tasks commonly used in the field in frontally-injured rats with both mild and moderate-to-severe brain injuries. At the start of the study, rats were assigned to two of the following behavioral tasks: Dig scent discrimination (Dig) task, novel object recognition (NOR) task, Morris water maze (MWM), and passive avoidance (PA) task. Four days prior to injury, Dig rats were trained to dig in unscented sand and MWM rats were trained to locate a hidden platform positioned in the northeast quadrant of the MWM. Following training, bilateral controlled cortical impact injuries were induced (mild bilateral frontal TBI, moderate-to-severe bilateral frontal TBI, or non-injured, sham). Following a seven day recovery period, rats were tested on the two assigned behavioral tasks. Following testing, linear mixed effects modeling was performed assessing performance differences on the four tasks as a function of injury (injured vs. non-injured), injury severity (mild TBI vs. moderate-to-severe TBI), and task interaction. The results indicated that, while all four behavioral tasks were effective at assessing injury, some of the tasks were more effective at differentiating between injury severities than others. Specifically, the Dig task and MWM were effective at differentiating between rats with mild TBIs and rats with moderate-to-severe TBIs. Interactions between tasks also occurred such that Dig rats also assigned to the NOR task had significantly higher learning curves on the scent discriminations. The results from the current study indicate that all four behavioral tasks have the potential to assess cognitive impairment after TBI. However, these results are only a beginning. More work is needed before we can fully understand the efficacy of each of these tasks as behavioral assessment measures for cognitive functioning after TBI.
机译：认知障碍是人类颅脑损伤（TBI）后最常见的致残原因，但在啮齿类动物脑损伤模型中用于评估认知行为的行为任务在该领域的代表性不足。此外，这些任务很少用于评估伤害严重程度的行为。本研究的目的是比较在轻度和中度至重度脑损伤的额叶损伤大鼠中常用于该领域的四种行为任务。在研究开始时，将大鼠分配给以下两项行为任务：挖掘气味辨别（Dig）任务，新颖物体识别（NOR）任务，莫里斯水迷宫（MWM）和被动回避（PA）任务。受伤前四天，训练了Dig大鼠以挖出无味的沙子，训练MWM大鼠以定位位于MWM东北象限的隐藏平台。训练后，诱发了双侧可控的皮质撞击伤（轻度双侧额叶TBI，中度至重度双侧额叶TBI或未受伤的假手术）。在七天的恢复期后，对大鼠进行两项指定的行为任务测试。测试之后，进行线性混合效应建模，以评估这四个任务的性能差异，这些差异取决于伤害（受伤与未受伤），伤害严重程度（轻度TBI与中至重度TBI）以及任务交互作用。结果表明，虽然所有四个行为任务都可以有效地评估伤害，但是其中一些任务在区分伤害严重程度方面比其他任务更为有效。具体来说，Dig任务和MWM可以有效地区分轻度TBI和中度至重度TBI。任务之间也发生了相互作用，因此也被分配给NOR任务的Dig大鼠在嗅觉辨别上的学习曲线明显更高。当前研究的结果表明，所有四种行为任务都有可能评估TBI后的认知障碍。但是，这些结果仅仅是个开始。在我们完全了解这些任务的有效性作为TBI后认知功能的行为评估手段之前，需要做更多的工作。

著录项

  • 作者

    Martens, Kristina Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.;

  • 授予单位 Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.;
  • 学科 Biology Neuroscience.;Psychology Cognitive.;Psychology Experimental.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 119 p.
  • 总页数 119
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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