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A longitudinal examination of the association between non-suicidal self-injury, emotional intelligence, and family context in adolescents.

机译：纵向检查青少年非自杀性自残，情商和家庭环境之间的关系。

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摘要

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), which peaks in adolescence, is associated with poor psychological health, physical pain, and risk for future suicide attempts, but empirically supported treatment is scarce. Emotional intelligence (EI) -- the ability to perceive, understand and manage emotions --captures several factors relevant to the development of NSSI. The present set of studies examined the role of EI in the development of NSSI in a clinical adolescent sample. The first study examined the potential for a reciprocal longitudinal relationship between NSSI and four facets of EI (stress management, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and adaptability) that have theoretical and empirical links to NSSI. It was hypothesized that poor EI would increase the likelihood and frequency of future NSSI, which would in turn prevent adolescents from learning more adaptive coping skills and thus exacerbate their EI deficits. Participants were 91 adolescents ages 13-18 (mean age= 15.5, SD = 1.4; 61% female; 46.1% Caucasian) who were enrolled (along with one parent each) in a randomized controlled trial of a prevention workshop targeting suicide, HIV and substance abuse. All adolescents had received mental health treatment at baseline. Results of cross-lagged autoregressive models did not support a bidirectional relationship between NSSI and EI over time, suggesting that cross-sectional correlates of NSSI may not hold longitudinal predictive power.;The second study, with the same 91 participants, hypothesized that EI would mediate the association between family context (child maltreatment and parental mental health symptoms) and NSSI. Rates of maltreatment that met or exceeded the level indicating "low to moderate" abuse were relatively high in this clinical sample, with the highest rates reported for emotional forms of maltreatment (59.3% emotional abuse, 50.5% emotional neglect, 42.9% physical abuse, 34.1% physical neglect, 25.3% sexual abuse). Moreover, approximately 16.5% of parents reported clinically significant depressive symptoms and 22.0% reported clinical levels of global mental health impairment. Results did not support the hypothesized mediation model. Emotional neglect predicted the presence of NSSI one year later, but this effect was not mediated by EI. Further, no other forms of maltreatment maltreatment (physical abuse or neglect, sexual abuse, emotional abuse) or parental mental health symptoms (depression, or global severity index) predicted NSSI over the course of a year, also suggesting a lack of mediation.;Across both studies, null results may be due in part to a relatively small sample size with a low reported rate of NSSI. Future research should continue exploring longitudinal ties between NSSI and coping-related factors such as EI, including in relation to family context. Understanding the directionality and specificity of the relation between NSSI, EI, and family factors could help clinicians target specific coping deficits and address family-related stressors that may influence this concerning behavior.
机译：非自杀性自残（NSSI）会在青春期达到顶峰，与心理健康状况不佳，身体疼痛以及未来自杀未遂的风险有关，但缺乏经验支持的治疗。情绪智力（EI）-感知，理解和管理情绪的能力-捕获了与NSSI的发展有关的几个因素。本研究研究了EI在临床青少年样本中NSSI发展中的作用。第一项研究检验了NSSI与EI的四个方面（压力管理，人际内部，人际关系和适应性）之间具有相互纵向关系的潜力，这些方面与NSSI具有理论和经验上的联系。有人假设，EI差会增加未来NSSI的可能性和频率，这反过来又会阻止青少年学习更多的适应性应对技能，从而加剧他们的EI缺陷。参加者为91名13至18岁的青少年（平均年龄= 15.5，SD = 1.4；女性为61％；白种人为46.1％），他们参加了针对自杀，艾滋病毒和艾滋病的预防工作坊的随机对照试验（每个人都有一名家长）。滥用药物。所有青少年在基线时都接受了心理健康治疗。交叉滞后自回归模型的结果不支持NSSI与EI随时间的双向关系，这表明NSSI的横截面相关性可能不具有纵向预测能力。;第二项研究（与91名参与者相同）假设EI将介导家庭环境（虐待儿童和父母的心理健康症状）与NSSI之间的关联。在此临床样本中，达到或超过表明“中低度”虐待的虐待程度相对较高，其中以情感形式的虐待报告的发生率最高（59.3％的情感虐待，50.5％的情感忽视，42.9％的身体虐待， 34.1％的身体被忽视，25.3％的性虐待）。此外，大约16.5％的父母报告了临床上明显的抑郁症状，而22.0％的父母报告了全球精神健康障碍的临床水平。结果不支持假设的调解模型。情绪上的疏忽预测一年后会出现NSSI，但这种影响不是由EI介导的。此外，一年中没有其他形式的虐待（身体虐待或忽视，性虐待，情感虐待）或父母的心理健康症状（抑郁或全球严重程度指数）预示NSSI，也表明缺乏调解。在两项研究中，无效结果可能部分归因于相对较小的样本量和较低的NSSI报道率。未来的研究应继续探索NSSI与应对相关因素（例如EI）之间的纵向联系，包括与家庭背景有关的联系。了解NSSI，EI和家庭因素之间关系的方向性和特异性可以帮助临床医生针对特定的应对缺陷，并解决可能影响这一行为的家庭相关压力源。

著录项

  • 作者

    Perloe, Alexandra.;

  • 作者单位

    George Mason University.;

  • 授予单位 George Mason University.;
  • 学科 Clinical psychology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 184 p.
  • 总页数 184
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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