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首页> 外文学位 >Genotype x Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis of Performance, and Mega- Environment Identification of Fruit Yield and Yield Components in Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus(Thumb.) Matsum & Nakai] Tested in Multiple US Locations.
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Genotype x Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis of Performance, and Mega- Environment Identification of Fruit Yield and Yield Components in Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus(Thumb.) Matsum & Nakai] Tested in Multiple US Locations.

机译：基因型x环境相互作用和性能稳定性分析，以及在美国多个地方进行测试的西瓜[Citrullus lanatus（Thumb。）Matsum＆Nakai]的水果产量和产量成分的大环境鉴定。

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摘要

One of the major breeding objectives for watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum & Nakai] is improved fruit yield. High yielding genotypes have been identified, so our objective was to evaluate genotypes for stability of fruit yield and yield components over diverse environments. The success of any breeding program depends on several factors, including understanding and selection of suitable breeding and test locations. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the influence of years and locations on yield of watermelon genotypes, (ii) identify genotypes with high stability for yield, (iii) determine whether locations belong to a single mega-environment, or a diverse set, and (iv) rank locations based on discriminating ability and representativeness. A set of 40 genotypes was tested over 3 years (2009, 2010, and 2011) and 8 locations across the southern United States in replicated, multi-harvest trials. The genotypes included new vs. old releases, small vs. large fruit size, round vs. elongate fruit shape, striped vs. solid rind pattern, resistant vs. susceptible to anthracnose, eastern vs. western adapted, and inbred vs. hybrid type. Yield traits were summed over harvests, and measured as marketable yield, fruit count, % cull fruit, % early fruit, and fruit size. There were strong effects of environment and genotype x environment interaction (GEI) on watermelon yield traits. There was a significant advantage of hybrids over inbreds for performance of yield components and responsiveness to favorable environments. Four genotypes, including 'Fiesta F1', 'Stars-N-Stripes F1', 'Stone Mountain' and 'Calhoun Gray' had high trait means and high stability: high marketable yield, high fruit count, low % cull fruit, above average % early yield, and medium fruit size. Inbreds 'Big Crimson' and 'Legacy' would be good for development of cultivars having high yield and stability. Two locations including, Florida and Clinton, NC were consistently represented as key centers of two mega-environments for marketable yield, fruit count, and % early fruit. The entire southern US should be considered one mega-environment for breeding watermelon for fruit size. Identification of separate mega-environments in the watermelon production region of the US has several implications for future breeding objectives and genotype evaluation, including deployment of different genotypes in different areas for optimum performance.
机译：西瓜[Citrullus lanatus（Thumb。）Matsum＆Nakai]的主要育种目标之一是提高果实产量。已经鉴定出高产基因型，因此我们的目标是评估基因型在各种环境下水果产量和产量成分的稳定性。任何育种计划的成功取决于多个因素，包括了解和选择合适的育种和测试地点。这项研究的目的是（i）评估年份和地点对西瓜基因型产量的影响；（ii）确定对产量具有高度稳定性的基因型；（iii）确定地点是否属于单个大环境，或者（iv）根据区分能力和代表性对位置进行排名。在3年中（2009年，2010年和2011年），在美国南部的8个地点进行了重复，多次收获的试验，测试了40种基因型。基因型包括新的和旧的释放，小而大的果实大小，圆形和细长的果实形状，条纹的与实心的果皮模式，抗性，对炭疽病的易感性，东部与西部的适应性，近交与杂交的类型。将收获期的产量性状相加，并以可销售的产量，水果数，剔除水果的百分比，早熟的水果百分比和果实大小进行度量。环境和基因型x环境相互作用（GEI）对西瓜产量性状有强烈影响。杂交种比自交系具有显着的优势，即产量成分的性能和对有利环境的响应能力。 “ Fiesta F1”，“ Stars-N-Stripes F1”，“ Stone Mountain”和“ Calhoun Gray”这四个基因型具有较高的特征性和较高的稳定性：适销性高的产量，较高的果粒数，较低的剔除果率，高于平均水平％早期产量，中等大小的果实。自交系'Big Crimson'和'Legacy'将有利于高产，稳定的品种的发展。在两个大环境中，包括佛罗里达州和克林顿市在内的两个地点始终以可销售的产量，水果数和早果百分比为代表，成为两个大环境的关键中心。美国整个南部地区应被视为一个繁华的大环境，可以繁殖出具有西瓜大小的果实。在美国西瓜产区确定单独的大环境对未来的育种目标和基因型评估具有若干意义，包括在不同地区部署不同的基因型以获得最佳性能。

著录项

  • 作者

    Dia, Mahendra.;

  • 作者单位

    North Carolina State University.;

  • 授予单位 North Carolina State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.;Environmental Sciences.;Agriculture Plant Culture.;Agriculture Horticulture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 111 p.
  • 总页数 111
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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