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首页> 外文学位 >Strategies for the management of fungicide-resistant Rutstroemia floccosum (syn. Sclerotinia homoeocarpa), the causal organism of dollar spot.
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Strategies for the management of fungicide-resistant Rutstroemia floccosum (syn. Sclerotinia homoeocarpa), the causal organism of dollar spot.

机译：应对抗杀真菌剂絮状金币（同型菌核小体）的管理策略，美元的病原体。

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摘要

Dollar spot is an important disease of turfgrasses worldwide. The pathogen, Rutstroemia floccosum, has developed resistance to three classes of systemic fungicides: the benzimidazoles, the dicarboximides, and the demethylation inhibitors (DMI). Two multiyear studies assessed changes in DMI sensitivities over time using DMI and non-DMI fungicides at different rates applied alone, in alternation, or in combination with each other.; The first experiment involved a DMI-resistant population of R. floccosum resident to a mixture of creeping bentgrass and annual bluegrass maintained as a golf-course fairway. Isolates taken at five time points were grown into pure culture and then assayed using relative comparisons of their radial growth on PDA and PDA amended with 2 mug ml-1 triadimefon (DMI). A similar experiment was conducted on a DMI-sensitive population of R. floccosum from another site. In both studies, the pathogen's resistance to DMI fungicides increased with all treatments that involved exposures to DMI fungicides. A positive relationship was shown between the number of DMI-fungicide applications and the rates of increase in DMI resistance. An AFLP analysis of a selection of DMI-resistant and -sensitive isolates failed to distinguish differences among those isolates.; A final investigation was conducted at the DMI-resistant R. floccosum site above where unsatisfactory dollar-spot control had occurred with a first-time use of boscalid, a new dollar-spot fungicide of the carboximide class. In a field experiment, significant numbers of dollar spots appeared at three days after treatment (DAT) with boscalid compared to a treatment with chlorothalonil only. The dollar spots had disappeared at 8 DAT. In a second experiment, the dollar spots began appearing at 4 DAT and had disappeared by 14 DAT. The number of dollar spots in the boscalid treatment was significantly greater than the chlorothalonil treatment at 9 and 12 DAT. Isolates were collected from the transient dollar-spots during the second experiment and found to have significantly greater in vitro resistance to boscalid compared to isolates of five different strains collected in other locations in Michigan.
机译：美元现货是全球草皮草的重要疾病。病原体絮状金莲花对三类全身性杀菌剂产生了抗药性：苯并咪唑，二羧酰亚胺和脱甲基抑制剂（DMI）。两项为期多年的研究评估了DMI和非DMI杀菌剂以单独，交替或相互组合使用的不同比率，随时间变化的DMI敏感性。第一个实验涉及到DMI抵抗性的R. floccosum种群，该种群居住在蠕动的草丛和一年生草丛的混合物中，该草丛保持为高尔夫球场球道。在五个时间点采集的分离物生长为纯培养物，然后使用它们在PDA和用2杯ml-1 triadimefon（DMI）修正的PDA上的径向生长的相对比较中进行分析。对来自另一个站点的DMI敏感的钩球菌种群进行了类似的实验。在两项研究中，病原体对DMI杀真菌剂的抵抗力都随着涉及DMI杀真菌剂暴露的所有处理而增加。在DMI杀菌剂的施用数量和DMI耐药性增加率之间显示出正相关。对DMI耐药和敏感菌株的AFLP分析无法区分这些菌株之间的差异。在具有DMI抵抗力的R. floccosum站点上进行了最终调查，在该站点上首次使用boscalid（一种新的羧酰亚胺类美元斑点杀真菌剂）对美元斑点的控制不令人满意。在田间实验中，与仅用百菌清治疗相比，用Boscalid治疗（DAT）后三天出现了大量美元斑点。美元汇率在DAT 8点消失了。在第二个实验中，美元斑点从4 DAT开始出现，并在14 DAT消失。在第9天和第12天DAT时，boscalid处理中的美元斑点数量显着大于百菌清处理中的美元斑点数量。在第二个实验中，从瞬时美元点收集了分离物，发现与在密歇根州其他地方收集的五种不同菌株的分离物相比，其对boscalid的体外抗药性明显更高。

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  • 作者

    Gilstrap, David Murphy.;

  • 作者单位

    Michigan State University.;

  • 授予单位 Michigan State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 199 p.
  • 总页数 199
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物病理学;
  • 关键词

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