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The political side of Hussitism: Late medieval law in Bohemia and the Holy Roman Empire.

机译:Hussitism的政治方面:波西米亚和神圣罗马帝国的中世纪晚期法律。

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摘要

In fifteenth-century Bohemia religious and political needs intersected in a revolution that affected the Church, the Empire, and all of Europe. The religious reformation started by Jan Hus became a political revolution in 1419 when many Czech nobles decided to deny the Bohemian throne to Sigismund, Emperor-elect, King of Hungary, and half-brother to the dead Czech king, Wenceslas IV. The question I seek to answer is, how did Hussite Czech nobles justify their disapproval of Sigismund without repudiating the law? In medieval political thought, particularly in Bohemia, the law was regarded as above every person and to transgress it would be to transgress a fundamental conception of behavior and authority. Answering this question entails an examination of broader topics such as authority, kingship, law, and the periodization of late medieval Bohemia. Also essential to the study is the relationship of Bohemia to the Holy Roman Empire in these topics.;A book on the land law written c. 1395--1411 by Lord Ondřej z Dubé, the highest land judge for half of the fourteenth century, partially answers this question. He wrote his explanation of the function and purpose of the land court during a time of strife between nobles and king. The Hussite Revolution also saw strife between nobles and king, thus making Ondřej's book particularly relevant. Sigismund fought for his hereditary right to the Bohemian throne and launched a crusade against the Hussites, who resisted him successfully and published virulent manifestos against him that justified their political choices. These manifestos, along with proclamations from Land Diets in 1419 and 1421, provide the other part of the answer to my question. Lord Ondřej z Dubé's interpretation of the land law and the Hussite propaganda demonstrate that the Hussite nobles' political action represented a defense of the common good of the land and a confluence of existing legal beliefs and Hussite religious thought.
机译:在15世纪,波希米亚的宗教和政治需求与一场影响教堂,帝国和整个欧洲的革命相交。扬·胡斯(Jan Hus)发起的宗教改革在1419年成为一场政治革命,当时许多捷克贵族决定拒绝波希米亚王位给匈牙利国王,当选皇帝西吉斯蒙德(Sigismund)和死去的捷克国王瓦茨拉夫四世(Wenceslas IV)的同父异母兄弟。我要回答的问题是,赫斯特的捷克贵族如何在不废除法律的情况下证明他们对西吉斯蒙德的反对?在中世纪的政治思想中,特别是在波西米亚,法律被视为高于每个人的法律,要违背法律就是要违背行为和权威的基本概念。要回答这个问题,就需要研究更广泛的主题,例如权威,王权,法律和中世纪晚期波西米亚的分期。在这些主题中,波西米亚与神圣罗马帝国的关系也对该研究至关重要。 1395--1411年,十四世纪上半叶最高的土地法官Ondř ej zDubé勋爵部分地回答了这个问题。他在贵族与国王之间的争执时期写下了对土地法院的职能和宗旨的解释。胡斯特革命还使贵族和国王之间发生了冲突,从而使Ondř ej的书尤为重要。锡吉斯蒙德(Sigismund)为继承波西米亚王位的遗传权而斗争,并发起了一次对十字军的十字军东征,十字军成功地抵抗了他,并发表了针对他的有力宣言,证明了他们的政治选择是正确的。这些宣言以及1419和1421年《土地国会》的声明,为我的问题提供了另一部分答案。昂达卡勋爵(Lord Ondř ej zDubé)对土地法的解释和胡斯特的宣传表明,胡斯特贵族的政治行为代表了对土地共同利益的捍卫,是对现有法律信仰和胡斯特宗教思想的融合。

著录项

  • 作者

    Grant, Jeanne Ellen.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 History European.;History Medieval.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 190 p.
  • 总页数 190
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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