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首页> 外文学位 >The neural basis of behavioral recovery of chronic visuo-spatial neglect using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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The neural basis of behavioral recovery of chronic visuo-spatial neglect using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

机译：使用重复经颅磁刺激的慢性视空间忽略行为恢复的神经基础。

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摘要

High frequency repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has been used clinically on perilesional cortex to attenuate the neurological consequences of cerebral injuries. Presently the clinical benefits of rTMS remain controversial due to the high level of inter-individual variability in response to treatment. We explored the behavioral efficacy of multisession rTMS and studied the structural and metabolic characteristics underlying the recovery of visuo-spatial functions after unilateral parietal injury.;A group of adult cats (n=12) underwent focal lesions in a region of the posterior parietal cortex (pMS, posterior middle suprasylvian area ) leading to contralesional visuo-spatial deficits. Two and a half months post-injury, cats were treated with 7 consecutive rounds of 10 daily session of high frequency rTMS applied on an intact perilesional area (aMS, anterior middle suprasylvian area). We characterized two populations of animals: a group of 'Responders' (n=6) displaying significant visual detection improvements in contralesional hemispace and a group of 'Non-responders' (n=6) that did not show significant improvements and suffered unexpected decreases in ipsilesional performance.;Detailed lesion analyses revealed no differences between the two groups neither in the amount of total spared cortex nor in the level of residual metabolic activity within areas of perilesional tissue. Additionally, we used 14C-2-deoxyglucose (2DG) to measure the metabolic impact of the aMS area on discrete nodes of the visuo-spatial network. When compared individually, none of the 60 regions proved to have significantly higher metabolic uptake in either group. Interestingly however, a cross-correlation analysis of metabolic activity throughout all sampled cortical and subcortical areas revealed that 'Responders' displayed a more metabolically cross-correlated visuo-spatial network than 'Non-responders'. Furthermore, we found the aMS cortex in the 'Non-responders' group to hold no significant cross-correlations within the visuo-spatial network, indicating that the site of rTMS stimulation held no functional relationship with network regions.;We conclude that multisession perilesional rTMS has the potential to induce behavioral ameliorations in chronic brain injury but the ability to consistently induce adaptive outcomes remains highly variable across animals. In addition, functional correlations indicate that rTMS-mediated recovery is dependent on the stimulated aMS cortex and its metabolic coupling with other nodes within visuo-spatial networks.
机译：高频重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）已在临床上用于病灶周围皮层，以减轻脑损伤的神经系统后果。目前，由于对治疗反应的个体间差异很大，rTMS的临床益处仍存在争议。我们探讨了多阶段rTMS的行为功效，并研究了单侧顶叶损伤后视觉空间功能恢复的基础结构和代谢特征。;一组成年猫（n = 12）在顶叶后皮质区域发生局灶性病变（pMS，后上中上睑区）导致对侧视觉空间缺陷。损伤后两个半月，在完整的病灶周围区域（aMS，前中上睑上皮区）上连续7次每天10次高频rTMS治疗猫。我们对两个动物种群进行了特征分析：一组“对策者”（n = 6）在对侧半空间显示出明显的视觉检测改善，以及一组“无反应者”（n = 6），它们没有表现出明显的改善并且遭受了意外的减少详细的病灶分析显示，两组之间的总剩余皮质量和病灶周围组织区域内的残余代谢活性水平均无差异。此外，我们使用14C-2-脱氧葡萄糖（2DG）来测量aMS区域对视觉空间网络离散节点的代谢影响。单独比较时，两组中的60个区域均未证明具有明显更高的代谢摄取。然而，有趣的是，对所有采样的皮层和皮层下区域的代谢活性进行互相关分析，结果显示“响应者”显示的代谢空间相关性比“非响应者”更紧密。此外，我们发现“无反应者”组中的aMS皮层在视觉空间网络内没有明显的相关性，这表明rTMS刺激的部位与网络区域没有任何功能关系。 rTMS有潜力在慢性脑损伤中诱发行为改善，但始终如一地诱发适应性结果的能力在不同动物之间仍然存在很大差异。此外，功能相关性表明，rTMS介导的恢复取决于刺激的aMS皮质及其与视觉空间网络内其他节点的代谢耦合。

著录项

  • 作者

    Afifi, Linda Miriam.;

  • 作者单位

    Boston University.;

  • 授予单位 Boston University.;
  • 学科 Biology Neurobiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 284 p.
  • 总页数 284
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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