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首页> 外文学位 >Developing a measure of hope for exploring HIV-related risks among young South African women in a high prevalence setting.
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Developing a measure of hope for exploring HIV-related risks among young South African women in a high prevalence setting.

机译：制定一种希望措施，以在高患病率的年轻南非妇女中探索与艾滋病毒有关的风险。

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摘要

Introduction: Young women in South Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV. Recent research has focused on how structural factors, including adverse risk environments, increase HIV risk. Hope is a psychosocial strength that may help explain how adverse risk environments influence risk behaviors. The objective of this study is to create and validate a hope measure with young women in South Africa, and then use the measure to explore the relationship between hope, the risk environment and risk behaviors guided by the Hope and HIV Prevention framework.;Methods: Hope was studied using mixed-methods research. In-depth interviews with young women who were enrolled in- and dropped-out of school, their parents, and a secondary school teacher were conducted along with focus group discussions with young women to develop the hope scale. The scale was administered within a cross-sectional survey collected from 2135 young women, aged 13-20, enrolled in secondary school. Reliability and validity were evaluated using factor analysis and calculating correlations. Logistic regression was used to test associations between hope, the risk environment and risk behaviors, and whether hope mediates the relationship between the risk environment and risk behaviors.;Results: Scale items were developed to measure three domains of hope – anticipation of a positive future, personal motivation to achieve goals, and influence of others on hope. However, factor analysis revealed only one dimension containing items from the three hypothesized domains. Correlations with related constructs showed preliminary support for the validity of the scale. Reliability was high (Cronbach's α=0.95).;A majority of young women reported high hope (88.6%). Hope was related to sexual debut, but not to condom use or early sexual debut. Young women in households with more consumption, no biological parent, older average household age, and fewer youth enrolled in school were more likely to report high hope. There was some evidence that hope mediated the relationship between the risk environment and sexual debut.;Conclusion: The study provides a promising measure of hope for young women in high prevalence settings. Leveraging hope through improvements to the risk environment should be encouraged to reduce young women's risk for HIV in South Africa.
机译：简介：南非的年轻女性受艾滋病毒的影响尤其严重。最近的研究集中在包括不利风险环境在内的结构性因素如何增加艾滋病毒风险。希望是一种社会心理力量，可以帮助解释不利的风险环境如何影响风险行为。这项研究的目的是与南非的年轻女性一起创建并验证一种希望措施，然后使用该措施探索在希望和艾滋病预防框架指导下的希望，风险环境和风险行为之间的关系。使用混合方法研究来研究希望。对入学和退学的年轻妇女，他们的父母和一名中学老师进行了深入访谈，并与年轻妇女进行了焦点小组讨论，以建立希望量表。该量表是在一项横断面调查中进行管理的，该调查收集了2135名13岁至20岁的初中妇女。使用因素分析和计算相关性来评估信度和效度。 Logistic回归用于检验希望，风险环境和风险行为之间的关联，以及希望是否能够调解风险环境和风险行为之间的关系。；结果：制定了量表项目来衡量希望的三个领域–对积极未来的预期，实现目标的个人动力以及他人对希望的影响。但是，因子分析显示只有一个维度包含来自三个假设域的项目。与相关结构的相关性显示了对量表有效性的初步支持。可靠性高（Cronbach'sα= 0.95）。;大多数年轻女性表示希望很高（88.6％）。希望与性行为首次出现有关，但与避孕套的使用或早期性行为无关。家庭消费量较高，没有亲生父母，平均家庭年龄较大，入学青年人数较少的家庭中的年轻妇女更有可能表现出很高的希望。有一些证据表明，希望能介导危险环境与性行为首次出现之间的关系。结论：这项研究为高患病率的年轻女性提供了一种有希望的希望量度。应鼓励通过改善风险环境来发挥希望，以减少南非年轻女性感染艾滋病毒的风险。

著录项

  • 作者

    Abler, Laurie Ann.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 African Studies.;Womens Studies.;Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 185 p.
  • 总页数 185
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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