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Low hydrocarbon solubility polymers: Plasticization-resistant membranes for carbon dioxide removal from natural gas.

机译：低烃溶解度的聚合物：耐增塑膜，用于去除天然气中的二氧化碳。

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摘要

Hydrocarbon polymers developed for CO2 removal from natural gas often lose their superior separation ability at field conditions. This deterioration in performance is primarily a result of polymer plasticization by natural gas components like higher hydrocarbons, which have high solubilities in these polymers. Polymers that have low solubilities for higher hydrocarbons may be less susceptible to plasticization by these penetrants and therefore exhibit more stable separation properties in actual field conditions. This study was undertaken to investigate the above premise through identification of low-hydrocarbon-solubility polymers and performing a fundamental study to assess the potential of such materials to be stable membranes for CO 2 removal from natural gas.; Hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon gas solubility measurements in hydrocarbon polymers and fluoropolymers reveal that interactions between hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon species result in lower solubilities of hydrocarbons in fluorocarbon polymers, and vice versa, than expected on the basis of empirical correlations. The influence of these interactions on gas permeability is greater in lower free volume materials. Interestingly, hydrocarbon solubility in fluoropolymers increases much less with increasing penetrant condensability than in hydrocarbon polymers, implying that large hydrocarbon compounds will exhibit much lower solubility in fluoropolymers than in hydrocarbon polymers.; A commercial fluoropolymer, Hyflon AD 80, has much higher CO2 permeability than typical hydrocarbon polymers, but its CO2/CH 4 selectivity is lower than these polymers. However, Hyflon AD 80 exhibits more stable gas separation properties than typical hydrocarbon polymers in the presence of CO2 and moderate amounts of large hydrocarbons.; Materials selection guidelines for using fluoropolymers as plasticization-resistant coatings on existing hydrocarbon membranes require the fluoropolymer to have a lower ratio of higher hydrocarbon to CO2 (or CH4) solubility than the hydrocarbon polymer. The guidelines also require the coating to have a similar, or greater, diffusivity selectivity (size-selectivity) for gases than that of the hydrocarbon polymer.; Permeability of highly condensable penetrants is often a function of their sorbed concentration in the polymer. A model is presented to rationally predict concentration and temperature dependent gas permeability in rubbery polymers, based on limited experimental data. The model satisfactorily describes vapor permeation in a commercial membrane, poly(dimethyl siloxane), and in poly(ethylene).
机译：为从天然气中去除二氧化碳而开发的烃聚合物通常在田间条件下会失去其出色的分离能力。这种性能下降主要是由于天然气组分（如高级烃）在聚合物中增塑的结果，这些组分在这些聚合物中具有很高的溶解度。对高级烃的溶解度低的聚合物可能不易被这些渗透剂塑化，因此在实际田间条件下表现出更稳定的分离性能。通过鉴定低烃溶解度的聚合物并进行基础研究以评估这种材料作为从天然气中去除CO 2的稳定膜的潜力，进行了这项研究以研究上述前提。碳氢化合物聚合物和含氟聚合物中碳氢化合物和碳氟化合物气体的溶解度测量结果表明，碳氢化合物与碳氟化合物之间的相互作用导致碳氢化合物在碳氟聚合物中的溶解度较低，反之亦然，这比根据经验相关性所期望的要低。在较低自由体积的材料中，这些相互作用对气体渗透性的影响更大。有趣的是，随着渗透剂可冷凝性的增加，含氟聚合物中的烃溶解度比含烃聚合物中的增加少得多，这意味着大烃化合物在含氟聚合物中的溶解度要比在含烃聚合物中低得多。商业含氟聚合物Hyflon AD 80比典型的烃类聚合物具有更高的CO2渗透性，但其CO2 / CH 4选择性低于这些聚合物。但是，Hyflon AD 80在二氧化碳和适量的大烃存在下，比典型的烃聚合物表现出更稳定的气体分离性能。在现有烃膜上使用含氟聚合物作为抗增塑涂层的材料选择指南要求含氟聚合物比烃聚合物具有更高的烃与CO2（或CH4）溶解度比。指南还要求涂层对气体的扩散选择性（尺寸选择性）与碳氢化合物聚合物相似或更高。高冷凝性渗透剂的渗透性通常是其在聚合物中吸附浓度的函数。基于有限的实验数据，提出了一个模型来合理预测橡胶状聚合物中浓度和温度相关的气体渗透率。该模型令人满意地描述了在工业膜，聚二甲基硅氧烷和聚乙烯中的蒸汽渗透。

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  • 作者

    Prabhakar, Rajeev Satish.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Austin.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Austin.;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 279 p.
  • 总页数 279
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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