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首页> 外文学位 >Antiobesity and antidiabetic activity of P. balsamifera, its active Salicortin, and L. laricina, medicinal plants from the traditional pharmacopoeia of the James Bay Cree.
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Antiobesity and antidiabetic activity of P. balsamifera, its active Salicortin, and L. laricina, medicinal plants from the traditional pharmacopoeia of the James Bay Cree.

机译：P. balsamifera，其活性Salicortin和L. laricina的抗肥胖和抗糖尿病活性是James Bay Cree传统药典的药用植物。

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摘要

The prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome is increasing among the Cree of Eeyou Istchee (CEI - Northern Quebec). Non-traditional diet and sedentary lifestyle along with cultural disconnect of modern type 2 diabetes (T2D) therapies are involved. In order to establish culturally adapted antidiabetic treatments, our research team conducted an ethnobotanical survey, where 17 plants were identified from the CEI traditional pharmacopoeia. Based on data obtained from in vitro screening studies, two plant species out of 17 were of particular interest for their properties as antiobesity, namely Populus balsamifera L. (Salicaceae), and antidiabetic agents, namely Larix laricina K. Koch (Pinaceae). P. balsamifera and its active salicortin inhibited triglyceride accumulation during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. L. laricina increased glucose uptake and AMPK activation in C2C12 myotubes, adipogenesis in the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cell line, and was observed as one of the strongest uncouplers, severely disrupting mitochondrial function (increasing fuel consumption/metabolic rate; antiobesity property).;The purpose of this PhD thesis is to evaluate the antiobesity and antidiabetic potential of P. balsamifera, salicortin, and L. laricina , in an in vivo model of diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6 mice, as well as to investigate their possible mechanisms of action. Mice were subjected for eight (prevention study) or sixteen weeks (treatment study) to a high fat diet (HFD), or HFD to which P. balsamifera, salicortin, or L. laricina were incorporated either at onset (prevention), or in the last 8 of the 16 weeks of administration of the HFD (treatment). The results showed that P. balsamifera (in either study) and salicortin (incorporated in HFD only in treatment study) decreased the weight of whole body, retroperitoneal fat pad, reduced the severity of hepatic macrovesicular steatosis and triglyceride accumulation (ERK pathway implicated). They also decreased glycemia and improved insulin sensitivity by diminishing insulin levels, and altering adipokine secretion whereby reducing the leptin/adiponectin ratio. In both studies, P. balsamifera significantly reduced food intake. This appetite-reducing effect needs to be investigated further. In the prevention study this was accompanied by an increase in energy expenditure (increase in skin temperature and tends to increase expression of uncoupling protein-1; UCP-1). The signaling pathways activated by P. balsamifera and slightly by salicortin are implicated in either controlling hepatic glucose output (Akt), skeletal muscle Glut4 expression, glucose uptake and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue (Akt), adipocyte differentiation (ERK pathway and PPARγ), decreasing the hepatic inflammatory state (IKKαβ), and increasing muscular, hepatic, or adipose tissue fatty acid oxidation (PPARγ, CPT-1). As for L. laricina, it effectively decreased glycemia levels, insulin levels and the leptin/adiponectin ratio, improved insulin sensitivity and slightly decreased abdominal fat pad and body weights. This occurred in conjunction with increased energy expenditure as demonstrated by elevated skin temperature in the prevention study, and tendency to improve mitochondrial function and ATP synthesis in the treatment protocol.;In conclusion, these results represent a major contribution, identifying P. balsamifera, salicortin, and L. laricina, as promising alternative, and culturally adapted therapies for the prevention and treatment care of obesity and diabetes among the CEI.;Keywords : antiobesity, antidiabetic, adipokines, C57BL/6 mice, Populus balsamifera L. (Salicaceae), Larix laricina K. Koch (Pinaceae), aboriginal traditional medicine, skin temperature, mitochondrial respiration, Akt , p44/42 MAPK, PPARα, IKKαβ.
机译：在Eeyou Istchee（CEI-魁北克北部）的Cree中，肥胖，胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征的患病率正在上升。涉及非传统饮食和久坐的生活方式以及现代2型糖尿病（T2D）治疗的文化脱节。为了建立适合于文化的抗糖尿病治疗方法，我们的研究团队进行了一项民族植物学调查，从CEI传统药典中鉴定出17种植物。根据体外筛选研究获得的数据，在17种植物中，两种植物因其抗肥胖特性而备受关注，即Balulus balsamifera L.（Salicaceae）和抗糖尿病药Larix laricina K.Koch（Pinaceae）。苦瓜假单胞菌及其活性水杨素抑制3T3-L1脂肪细胞在脂肪形成过程中甘油三酸酯的积累。 L. laricina增加了C2C12肌管中的葡萄糖摄取和AMPK激活，在3T3-L1脂肪细胞系中产生了脂肪，被认为是最强的解偶联剂之一，严重破坏了线粒体功能（增加了燃料消耗/代谢率；抗肥胖特性）。本博士论文的目的是在饮食诱导的肥胖（DIO）C57BL / 6小鼠体内模型中评估巴氏假单胞菌，水杨素和乳杆菌的抗肥胖和抗糖尿病潜力，并对其进行研究。可能的作用机制。对小鼠进行八（预防研究）或十六周（治疗研究）的高脂饮食（HFD）或HFD，在开始时（预防）或在其中掺入Balsamifera，水杨素或L. laricina的高脂饮食。 HFD给药16周的最后8天（治疗）。结果表明，balsamifera（在任何一项研究中）和salicortin（仅在治疗研究中纳入HFD）减轻了体重，减轻了腹膜后脂肪垫，降低了肝大泡脂肪变性和甘油三酸酯蓄积的严重程度（牵连到ERK途径）。他们还通过降低胰岛素水平和改变脂肪因子的分泌从而降低了瘦素/脂联素的比例，从而降低了血糖并改善了胰岛素敏感性。在两项研究中，Balsamifera均显着减少了食物摄入。这种减少食欲的作用需要进一步研究。在预防研究中，这伴随着能量消耗的增加（皮肤温度升高，并趋于增加解偶联蛋白-1（UCP-1）的表达）。苦瓜假单胞菌激活的信号通路和水杨素激活的信号通路涉及控制肝葡萄糖输出（Akt），骨骼肌Glut4表达，脂肪组织中葡萄糖摄取和脂质代谢（Akt），脂肪细胞分化（ERK途径和PPARγ），降低肝脏的炎症状态（IKKαβ），并增加肌肉，肝脏或脂肪组织的脂肪酸氧化（PPARγ，CPT-1）。对于L. laricina，它可以有效降低血糖水平，胰岛素水平和瘦素/脂联素比值，改善胰岛素敏感性，并略微降低腹部脂肪垫和体重。这与预防研究中皮肤温度升高所证实的能量消耗增加以及治疗方案中线粒体功能和ATP合成的改善趋势有关。总而言之，这些结果代表了对Balsamifera，水杨素的鉴定。 ，以及L. laricina，作为有前途的替代方法，并在CEI中进行了针对文化的适应性疗法，用于肥胖症和糖尿病的预防和治疗。关键词：抗肥胖，抗糖尿病，脂肪因子，C57BL / 6小鼠，巴氏杨（Salicaceae）， Larix laricina K. Koch（Pinaceae），原住民传统医学，皮肤温度，线粒体呼吸，Akt，p44 / 42 MAPK，PPARα，IKKαβ。

著录项

  • 作者

    Harbilas, Despina.;

  • 作者单位

    Universite de Montreal (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Universite de Montreal (Canada).;
  • 学科 Anthropology Cultural.;Health Sciences Pharmacology.;Health Sciences Alternative Medicine.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 359 p.
  • 总页数 359
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 肿瘤学;
  • 关键词

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