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Gender role orientation and the role of empathy in interventions promoting the development of interpersonal forgiveness.

机译：性别角色定位和共情在促进人际宽恕发展的干预措施中的作用。

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摘要

Research over the past quarter-century has revealed a host of benefits associated with forgiving someone for a past hurt, such as reductions in anxiety and depression and increased satisfaction with life and subjective well-being. Despite these potential benefits, forgiving is difficult. As such, researchers and clinicians have examined the efficacy of therapeutic interventions that assist clients in developing forgiveness. Ultimately, such interventions are evaluated by their efficacy in successfully cultivating forgiveness and promoting well-being (e.g., reducing psychological symptoms).;The present experiment was conducted to understand the potential value of two group counseling interventions for individuals suffering the effects of a past hurt. In particular, this study sought to determine (a) whether some interventions are more effective than others at cultivating forgiveness; (b) whether individuals with masculine versus feminine gender role orientations will respond differently to these interventions; and (c) whether individuals with masculine gender role orientations in particular have unique needs when it comes to forgiving. The investigation was informed by the growing body of literature indicating that males and females often respond better to particular psychotherapy approaches (Ogrodniczuk, Piper, & Joyce, 2004; Ogrodniczuk, Piper, Joyce, & McCallum, 2001) and often demonstrate different forgiving styles (Wade & Goldman, 2006; Worthington & Lerner, 2006), as well as by speculation as to whether biological sex or gender roles account for more of the variance in individual differences commonly reported between males and females (Hunt, Lewars, Emslie, & Batty, 2007; Karniol, Gabay, Ochion, & Harari, 1998; Milovchevich, Howells, Drew, & Day, 2001).;Longitudinal data collected from 111 participants across three treatment conditions prior to and immediately following treatment revealed that participants in all treatment conditions tended to experience reductions in negative feelings and thoughts toward the transgressor. Only one treatment condition, however -- an intervention based on Worthington's (2001) REACH model of forgiveness -- led to increased forgiveness. Implications of this finding are discussed, as are limitations of the investigation and future research directions.
机译：过去25年的研究表明，宽恕某人的过往伤害可以带来很多好处，例如减轻焦虑和沮丧感，提高人们对生活和主观幸福感的满意度。尽管有这些潜在的好处，宽恕还是困难的。因此，研究人员和临床医生已经检查了有助于客户获得宽恕的治疗干预措施的功效。最终，通过在成功培养宽恕和促进幸福感（例如减轻心理症状）方面的效力来评估此类干预措施。；进行本实验的目的是了解两组心理咨询干预措施对于遭受过去影响的个人的潜在价值伤害。特别是，这项研究试图确定（a）在培养宽恕方面，某些干预措施是否比其他干预措施更有效； （b）具有男性角色定位和女性角色定位的个人对这些干预措施的反应是否不同； （c）在宽恕方面，具有男性性别角色倾向的个人是否特别有需求。不断增加的文献资料表明该调查表明，男性和女性通常对特定的心理治疗方法反应更好（Ogrodniczuk，Piper和乔伊斯，2004年； Ogrodniczuk，Piper，Joyce和McCallum，2001年），并经常表现出不同的宽容风格（韦德和戈德曼（Wade＆Goldman），2006年；沃辛顿和勒纳（Worthington＆Lerner，2006年），以及通过推测生物性别或性别角色是造成男性和女性之间普遍存在的个体差异更多方差的推测（Hunt，Lewars，Emslie和Batty） （2007年； Karniol，Gabay，Ochion和Harari，1998年； Milovchevich，Howells，Drew和＆Day，2001年）；在治疗之前和之后从三种治疗条件下的111名参与者收集的纵向数据表明，所有治疗条件下的参与者倾向于减少对犯罪者的消极情绪和想法。然而，只有一种治疗条件-基于Worthington（2001）REACH宽恕模型的干预-导致了更多的宽恕。讨论了这一发现的含义，以及研究和未来研究方向的局限性。

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  • 作者

    Goldman, Daniel B.;

  • 作者单位

    Iowa State University.;

  • 授予单位 Iowa State University.;
  • 学科 Psychology Clinical.;Gender Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 203 p.
  • 总页数 203
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 医学心理学、病理心理学;
  • 关键词

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