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A computable general equilibrium model of the city with optimization of its transportation network: Impacts of changes in technology, preferences, and policy.

机译：可优化城市交通网络的可计算一般均衡模型：技术，偏好和政策变化的影响。

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摘要

This computable general equilibrium model determines the interactions of profit-maximizing firms from three different industries with each other and with utility-maximizing residents. Using a fixed-point equilibrium methodology, the size and tolls for the transportation system are determined to minimize total transportation costs, including land costs, tolls, and the value of residential travel time.Three industries are modeled: manufacturing, retail, and services. Their interactions are determined by parameters derived from U.S. Input-Output data. Because the model includes multiple industries and the retail industry, three modes of traffic travel are evaluated: commuting traffic, shopping traffic, and freight traffic.Two technological changes are analyzed: smart transportation and changes in firms' production functions. The model finds that smart transportation systems do save significant transportation costs, but provide only a slight increase in utility. As firms continue to use more services, the deficit dividend declines and the loss in utility levels is minimized.Resident preferences also change over time. The most beneficial change, in terms of decreasing deficit dividend and increasing utility levels, is an increased preference for leisure time. A desire for larger lots leads to population decentralization.Two policies are also reviewed: the closing of the trade deficit and zoning. When the trade deficit is closed, the manufacturing sector increases in size and industrial production decentralizes. Zoning can be modeled with only one restricted industry or multiple restricted industries, an extension in the literature. Residential-only zoning with a minimum land rent above zero creates a city with vacant land. Asymmetric zoning is found to have more negative effects on residents than symmetric zoning.Keywords: computable general equilibrium model input-output data zoning urban economics
机译：这个可计算的一般均衡模型确定了来自三个不同行业的利润最大化的公司之间以及与效用最大化的居民之间的相互作用。使用定点均衡方法确定交通系统的规模和通行费，以使总运输成本（包括土地成本，通行费和居民出行时间的价值）降至最低，对三个行业进行了建模：制造业，零售业和服务业。它们之间的相互作用由从美国输入输出数据得出的参数确定。由于该模型包含多个行业和零售行业，因此评估了三种交通出行方式：通勤交通，购物交通和货运交通。分析了两种技术变化：智能交通和企业生产功能的变化。该模型发现，智能交通系统确实可以节省可观的交通成本，但实用性只会略有增加。随着公司继续使用更多服务，赤字红利减少，公用事业水平的损失最小化。居民的偏好也会随着时间而改变。就减少赤字红利和增加公用事业水平而言，最有益的变化是增加了对休闲时间的偏好。对大量土地的渴望导致了人口的分散化。还审查了两项政策：关闭贸易赤字和分区。消除贸易赤字后，制造业规模扩大，工业生产分散。分区可以仅用一个限制行业或多个限制行业进行建模，这是文献中的扩展。最低土地租金高于零的仅住宅区划将创建一个拥有闲置土地的城市。发现非对称分区对居民的影响要大于对称分区。关键词：可计算一般均衡模型投入产出数据分区城市经济学

著录项

  • 作者

    Olwert, Craig Thomas.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Transportation.Urban and Regional Planning.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 401 p.
  • 总页数 401
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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