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Gas solubilities in ionic liquids: Experimental measurements and applications.

机译：离子液体中的气体溶解度：实验测量和应用。

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Solvents play an extremely important role in many industrial processes, acting as a media for chemical reactions or for extraction of products. Typically, these solvents are volatile organic compounds or VOCs. As the VOCs volatilize, the risk of human exposure through inhalation is increased. VOCs have also been found to increase ozone depletion and smog formation. Therefore, it is important to find other solvents that still meet the needs of industry while limiting the environmental and health risks. Room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have recently been getting attention as potential environmentally benign or "green" solvents. Ionic liquids, organic salts that are liquids in their pure states at ambient conditions, have many properties that are similar to conventional organic solvents. But, many ILs also have the unique characteristic in that they exhibit a vanishingly low vapor pressure. This negligible volatility eliminates many of the concerns associated with traditional organic solvents by decreasing the risk of worker exposure and the loss of solvent to the atmosphere.; The main objective of this research is to determine thermodynamic/phase behavior properties by studying the phase behavior of the ionic liquids with various gases and liquids to further develop the relationships between these properties and the molecular structure of these ionic liquids. Knowledge of these properties is necessary prior to design and development of industrially relevant processes using ILs.; This work explores the solubility and associated thermodynamic properties, such as Henry's law constants, and enthalpies and entropies of absorption, of a variety of gases in various ionic liquids, mainly those with 1- n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium as the cation and [PF6], [BF 4], and [Tf2N] as the anions. The gases considered range from simple nonpolar compounds to more complex polar gases capable of hydrogen bonding. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide show the strongest interactions with the ionic liquids, whereas gases like N2, O 2 and Ar are only sparingly soluble. This work also shows ionic liquids have potential for use as a gas separation medium.
机译：溶剂在许多工业过程中起着极其重要的作用，它们充当化学反应或产物提取的介质。通常，这些溶剂是挥发性有机化合物或VOC。随着挥发性有机化合物的挥发，吸入引起人体暴露的风险增加。还发现挥发性有机化合物会增加臭氧消耗和烟雾形成。因此，重要的是找到仍能满足工业需求同时限制环境和健康风险的其他溶剂。室温离子液体（IL）最近作为潜在的环境良性或“绿色”溶剂而受到关注。离子液体，即在环境条件下呈纯态的液体形式的有机盐，具有许多与常规有机溶剂相似的特性。但是，许多离子液体还具有独特的特征，即它们展现出极低的蒸气压。这种可忽略的挥发性通过降低工人暴露于空气中的风险以及溶剂向大气中的损失而消除了与传统有机溶剂相关的许多担忧。这项研究的主要目的是通过研究离子液体与各种气体和液体的相行为来确定热力学/相行为性质，以进一步发展这些性质与这些离子液体的分子结构之间的关系。在设计和开发使用IL的工业相关过程之前，必须具备这些属性的知识。这项工作探索了各种气体在各种离子液体中的溶解度和相关的热力学性质，例如亨利定律常数，吸收焓和熵，这些离子液体主要是以1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑鎓为阳离子和[ PF6]，[BF 4]和[Tf2N]作为阴离子。考虑的气体范围从简单的非极性化合物到能够氢键的更复杂的极性气体。水蒸气，二氧化碳和一氧化二氮与离子液体的相互作用最强，而诸如N2，O 2和Ar之类的气体仅微溶于水。这项工作还表明，离子液体具有用作气体分离介质的潜力。

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