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Short-term memory retrievals and expectation in on-line sentence comprehension: The effects of recent linguistic context.

机译：在线句子理解中的短期记忆检索和期望：最新语言环境的影响。

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摘要

Understanding how short-term memory shapes sentence comprehension processes is a long-standing topic in psycholinguistics. This thesis pursues new insights on two facets of short-term memory's role in sentence comprehension: (a) The first four experiments search for, and obtain, concrete evidence that locality effects, or increased integration difficulty attending increased dependent-head distance, occur even in simple sentence, where memory-based theories predict them and other theories (such as experience- or expectation-based theories) do not. (b) The remainder of the thesis investigates the functional interplay between similarity-based interference and expectation. Expectation has been argued to facilitate processing at verbs by pre-activating lexical representations, and similarity between representations of recently linguistic context has been shown to slow processing of verbs by slowing integration of its dependencies with arguments; yet the relationship between these two potentially interacting processes has received neither theoretical nor empirical attention. This thesis presents a novel eyetracking experiment that finds effects of both expectation-based facilitation and retrieval-based difficulty on the integration of a subject-verb dependency, but no evidence of an interaction. This evidence supports a simple model of expectation and retrieval interference in which expectation effects play out in early, lexical processing while dependency integration processes occur later without interacting with expectation.
机译：理解短期记忆如何影响句子理解过程是心理语言学的一个长期课题。本文从短期记忆在句子理解中的两个方面寻求新的见解：（a）前四个实验寻找并获得具体证据，证明即使发生局部性影响，或伴随增加的依赖头距离而增加的整合难度，甚至会发生用简单的句子来说，基于记忆的理论可以预测它们，而其他理论（例如基于经验或期望的理论）则不能。 （b）本文的其余部分研究了基于相似度的干扰与期望之间的功能相互作用。有人认为期望可以通过预先激活词汇表述来促进动词的处理，最近的语言语境表述之间的相似性已被证明通过减慢动词的依存关系与论点的整合而减慢了动词的处理。然而，这两个潜在相互作用的过程之间的关系尚未受到理论和经验的关注。本文提出了一种新颖的眼动实验，该实验发现了基于期望的促进和基于检索的难度对主语-动词依存性的整合的影响，但没有交互作用的证据。该证据支持期望和检索干扰的简单模型，其中期望效果在早期的词汇处理中发挥作用，而依赖项集成过程在以后发生而不与期望交互作用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Bartek, Brian D.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Michigan.;

  • 授予单位 University of Michigan.;
  • 学科 Language Linguistics.;Psychology Cognitive.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 129 p.
  • 总页数 129
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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