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Constructed ecological management systems: An ecological protocol for developing wetland systems.

机译：建成的生态管理系统：开发湿地系统的生态协议。

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This study applies the principles of ecological engineering to the design, construction, and evaluation of created wetlands for the functions of stormwater management, water quality enhancement and habitat. Three systems, a marsh and bog system, a wet-meadow and open water system, and a scrub-shrub and open water system were designed and constructed in northeastern Ohio and monitored over a five-year period.; Natural wetlands have been degraded or lost at alarming rates in Ohio, and current attempts to mitigate, regulate, or repair the damage have not been highly successful. This study began with the premise that an ecological rather than a non-systemic approach would be more successful. Interviews with regulatory professionals were conducted to determine the scope of mitigation problems and the design philosophies and protocols used to address them. Nineteen natural wetland systems within the Mahoning River Watershed were studied to define the synergistic relationships that normally exist between hydrology, soils, vegetation, and physical structure.; Wetland hydrology was found to be based on multiple sources that create sub-systems with the ecosystem. Wetland soils provide vegetative root support, interstitial movement, height of capillary fringe, and microorganism environment but do not exhibit uniform characteristics through the ecosystem. Wetland vegetation has specific root depths that correlate to soil capillarity and water availability within each sub system. Wetlands have multiple structural subsystems, are driven by independent water sources, and manifest their own vertical diversity, water storage and transport, and soil-vegetative complexes. Results of this research also include a comprehensive Access database of wetland species in northeastern Ohio, designed for use by ecological engineers.; These findings were correlated with ecological engineering design principles to develop a detailed protocol called the CEMS (Constructed Ecological Management System). This protocol was then applied to design and construct three wetland ecological systems. After two growing years, all three systems had identifiable functions of habitat, stormwater management, and water quality enhancement. The installations were deemed successful by regulatory agency third party review.
机译：这项研究将生态工程学原理应用于人工湿地的设计，建设和评估，以实现雨水管理，水质改善和栖息地的功能。在俄亥俄州东北部设计和建造了三个系统，沼泽和沼泽系统，湿草甸和开放水系统以及灌丛和灌木开放水系统，并在五年内进行了监测。在俄亥俄州，天然湿地的退化或丧失速度惊人，而目前减轻，调节或修复破坏的尝试还没有取得成功。这项研究的前提是，生态方法而非非系统方法将更为成功。进行了与监管专业人员的访谈，以确定缓解问题的范围以及解决这些问题的设计理念和协议。研究了马洪宁河流域内的19个自然湿地系统，以确定水文学，土壤，植被和物理结构之间通常存在的协同关系。人们发现湿地水文学是基于多种来源的，这些来源构成了生态系统的子系统。湿地土壤提供营养的根部支持，间隙运动，毛细边缘的高度和微生物环境，但在整个生态系统中均未显示出统一的特征。湿地植被具有特定的根深，与每个子系统内的土壤毛细作用和水利用状况相关。湿地具有多个结构子系统，由独立的水源驱动，并表现出它们自己的垂直多样性，储水和运输以及土壤-植物复合体。该研究的结果还包括专为生态工程师设计的俄亥俄州东北部湿地物种的综合访问数据库。这些发现与生态工程设计原则相关联，以制定称为CEMS（构建的生态管理系统）的详细协议。然后将该协议应用于设计和构建三个湿地生态系统。经过两年的发展，这三个系统都具有可识别的生境，雨水管理和水质改善功能。监管机构的第三方审查认为安装成功。

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