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Coloration of textiles with nanoparticle pigments.

机译：用纳米粒子颜料对纺织品进行着色。

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摘要

Nanosized pigment dyeing was performed for both synthetic and natural fibers with the aim of exploring the feasibility of coloration of textiles using pigment nanoparticles based on a diffusion mechanism and developing a binder-independent pigment dyeing method for textile industry with less environmental concern. Carbon black (CB) nanoparticles, the model pigment nanoparticles selected in this study, were proven to be able to penetrate and diffuse in polyester (PET) fibers when the size is as small as 8nm. The corresponding diffusion coefficient (D) was estimated with Einstein-Smoluchowski equation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) cross-sectional images. The dyebath with 8nm CB nanoparticles was optimized and it was found that 3--5 wt% of CB with a 1:1 to 2:1 BDHAC:CB weight ratio resulted in the best add-on %wt of CB on fabrics. Both PET and acrylic fabrics dyed with the optimized formulation showed enhanced surface conductivity, indicating there is a potential use for CB nanoparticle-dyed PET and acrylics as anti-static clothing.; Further studies were focused on characterization of CB nanoparticles that are smaller than 8nm but were not able to be prepared at a laboratory level currently. A series of solvent dyes and pigments with various sizes that can be calculated with HyperChemRTM was chosen as model diffusants and their D's were obtained based on Hill's solution to Fick's Laws of Diffusion through K/S measurement. With the measured D's of these diffusants and that estimated for CB nanoparticles, an exponential correlation between D and the size was established and further confirmed by molecular mechanics simulations, which can serve to predict the diffusion behavior of CB nanoparticles smaller than 8nm.; Surface modification of CB nanoparticles using nitric acid oxidation was performed and self-dispersible carbon black (SDCB) nanoparticles were successfully prepared. SDCB nanoparticles were applied to coloration of cellulose through exhaustion dyeing and TEM cross-sectional images showed that SDCB nanoparticles were mostly located on the surface of cellulose, presumably by hydrogen bonding, and formed a uniform layer of 100nm thick surrounding the fibers' surfaces when dyebath concentration is 50%owf. SDCB-dyed cotton fabrics were characterized by iodometric titration with regard to the available carboxylic groups and showed a moderate antibacterial efficacy before and after H2O2 bleach. However, no correlation was found between the amount of carboxylic groups available on the dyed fabrics and the percentage reduction of E. coli, which made us believe that it is not the available -COOH, or -COOOH groups after H2O 2 bleach, but the SDCB nanoparticle layer itself that is responsible for the inhibition of growth of bacteria.
机译：对合成纤维和天然纤维都进行了纳米级的染料染色，目的是探索基于扩散机理的使用颜料纳米颗粒对纺织品进行着色的可行性，并开发一种与粘合剂无关的，对环境影响较小的颜料染色方法。炭黑（CB）纳米粒子（本研究中选择的模型颜料纳米粒子）被证明能够在尺寸小至8nm的聚酯纤维中渗透和扩散。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）横截面图像用爱因斯坦-斯莫卢霍夫斯基方程估计相应的扩散系数（D）。优化了具有8nm CB纳米粒子的染浴，发现3-5％wt的CB和1：1至2：1的BDHAC：CB重量比导致织物上CB的最佳添加％wt。用优化配方染色的PET和丙烯酸织物都显示出增强的表面导电性，这表明将CB纳米颗粒染色的PET和丙烯酸树脂用作抗静电服装具有潜在的用途。进一步的研究集中于表征小于8nm的CB纳米颗粒，但目前尚无法在实验室水平上制备。选择可以通过HyperChemRTM计算的一系列不同尺寸的溶剂染料和颜料作为模型扩散剂，并基于Hill的Fick扩散定律，通过K / S测量获得其D。利用这些扩散剂的D值以及对CB纳米颗粒的D值，建立了D与粒径之间的指数关系，并通过分子力学模拟进一步证实，可以用来预测小于8nm的CB纳米颗粒的扩散行为。使用硝酸氧化法对CB纳米颗粒进行了表面改性，并成功制备了自分散炭黑（SDCB）纳米颗粒。 SDCB纳米粒子通过穷举染色技术应用于纤维素的着色，TEM截面图显示，SDCB纳米粒子主要位于纤维素表面，大概是通过氢键结合，并且在染浴时围绕纤维表面形成了一个100nm厚的均匀层浓度为50％owf。对SDCB染色的棉织物通过碘量滴定法对可用的羧基进行了表征，并在H2O2漂白之前和之后显示出适度的抗菌效果。但是，在染色的织物上可用的羧基数量与大肠杆菌的减少百分比之间没有相关性，这使我们认为，不是H2O 2漂白后可用的-COOH或-COOOH基团，而是SDCB纳米颗粒层本身负责抑制细菌的生长。

著录项

  • 作者

    Li, Dapeng.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Textile Technology.; Chemistry Polymer.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 144 p.
  • 总页数 144
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 轻工业、手工业;高分子化学（高聚物）;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:44:28

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