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首页> 外文学位 >The coastal habitats, species composition, richness, and temporal variation of haplochromine cichlids in an African great lake: Implications for biodiversity conservation.
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The coastal habitats, species composition, richness, and temporal variation of haplochromine cichlids in an African great lake: Implications for biodiversity conservation.

机译：非洲大湖中红花丽鱼丽鱼科鱼的沿海生境，物种组成，丰富性和时间变化：对生物多样性保护的影响。

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摘要

Freshwater parks and fisheries management zones in Lake Malawi are needed immediately but deficiencies in the underlying science prevents their design. In this dissertation I develop an empirical framework to enable aquatic conservation planning to proceed at the lake wide scale while taxonomic and species level ecology information remains incomplete. I investigate the effect of habitat discontinuities on the distribution of species to support the development of a habitat map for the entire lake that can infer the distribution of the main haplochromine cichlid assemblages. To better understand the ecology of the haplochromine species, I first examine how space, time, and environment (depth, substratum, temperature, total suspended solids) interact to influence the composition of haplochromine cichlids in rock, sand, and mud habitats in the southern basin of Lake Malawi. I studied 23 sites (0--125 m) using large samples collected biweekly or monthly for up to one year using SCUBA, seine nets, and benthic trawling. To better understand the richness of the assemblages I also studied the form of species accumulation and the temporal variation of the samples.; Complete survey of the coastal zone reveals the tectonic framework of the Malawi rift controls the distribution, slope, and scale of coastal habitat at regional and local scales. Rock or sand and vegetated shores alternate at up to 110 km spacing and reflect the dip polarity of half graben units that form the rift. Border faults form rock coasts whereas the shoaling margin of half grabens are sandy. Geomorphology is a good indicator of coastal zone composition; the length of coastal habitat for rock, sand, and sand/vegetation are significantly different among the geomorphologic settings bounding the lake. In the littoral zone, the depth of the rock/sand boundary also varies according to the geomorphology but rarely extends deeper than 40 m. The sand/mud boundary is abrupt and occurs at depths greater than 65 m, except where fluvial sediments are deposited and constrict the littoral.; The haplochromine assemblages can be reduced to three groups (i.e. rock, shallow water sand, deep water mud), not two as previously thought. The regional species composition of the rock dwelling mbuna on the mainland coast mimics the alternating pattern of rocky border faults; endemism and tectonics appear to be linked. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：立即需要马拉维湖的淡水公园和渔业管理区，但是基础科学的不足阻碍了它们的设计。在本论文中，我建立了一个经验框架，以使水生生物保护规划能够在整个湖泊范围内进行，而分类学和物种水平的生态学信息仍然不完整。我调查了栖息地不连续性对物种分布的影响，以支持整个湖泊的栖息地图的开发，该图可以推断主要单倍铬素丽鱼科鱼组合的分布。为了更好地了解单倍色素物种的生态，我首先研究了空间，时间和环境（深度，基质，温度，总悬浮固体）如何相互作用，从而影响南部岩石，沙子和泥土生境中单倍染色体丽鱼科鱼的成分。马拉维湖盆地。我使用SCUBA，围网和底网拖网，使用每两周或每月收集一次的大型样本研究了23个地点（0-125 m），长达一年。为了更好地了解组合的丰富性，我还研究了物种积累的形式和样品的时间变化。对沿海地区的完整调查显示，马拉维裂谷的构造框架控制着区域和地方尺度上沿海生境的分布，坡度和规模。岩石，沙滩和植被海岸之间的间隔最大为110公里，反映出形成裂谷的半grab住单元的倾角。边界断裂形成了岩石海岸，而半grab的浅滩边缘是沙质的。地貌是海岸带组成的良好指标；在包围湖的地貌环境中，岩石，沙子和沙子/植被的沿海栖息地的长度显着不同。在沿海地区，岩石/砂边界的深度也根据地貌而变化，但很少延伸到40 m以下。沙/泥浆边界是陡峭的，发生在深度大于65 m处，除非沉积了河流沉积物并限制了沿岸。单倍铬碱组合物可减少为三类（即岩石，浅水沙，深水泥浆），而不是先前认为的两组。大陆沿岸岩石居住的姆纳的区域物种组成模仿了岩石边界断层的交替模式。特有主义和构造学似乎联系在一起。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Cooley, Paul Mason.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Manitoba (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Manitoba (Canada).;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.; Biology Limnology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 240 p.
  • 总页数 240
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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