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首页> 外文学位 >Soil amendment effects on the mobility of depleted uranium and the desorption of lead in calcareous soils of the southwestern United States.
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Soil amendment effects on the mobility of depleted uranium and the desorption of lead in calcareous soils of the southwestern United States.

机译：土壤改良剂对美国西南部钙质土壤中贫铀的迁移率和铅解吸的影响。

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摘要

Depleted uranium (DU) has been introduced to the environment in the battlefield and in U.S. Army firing ranges. Soil chemistry differences dictate that DU behaves differently in arid, desert soils than in other soils. Little is published on DU behavior in calcareous soils from arid climates such as the Yuma Proving Ground (YPG), Arizona, where DU-containing penetrators are tested. It is also necessary to understand how remediation efforts may affect DU behavior. The objective of this research was to understand how DU behaves in arid-zone calcareous soils of the southwestern U.S. and how soil amendments used to control phytoremediation affect that behavior. Studies were conducted on soils collected from the YPG and a New Mexico DU-contaminated site to characterize the soil and to (1) observe DU mobility through a 30-cm soil depth as affected by water, manure, and citric acid; (2) characterize DU sorption, and its subsequent desorption with water and citric acid, on soil amended with 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% compost, and; (3) test different chelating agents on DU, and Pb, to enable remediation efforts by phytoextraction. These studies found that DU leached through the 30-cm soil profile with water and that citric acid treated columns leached a greater amount of DU than the manure amended columns. The mean DU leached from the citric acid columns was 4,152 mg +/- 1,352 and for the manure amended columns the mean was 331 mg +/- 130. Amendment of the soil at three different levels of compost did not alter DU sorption until it reached 5% at which point sorption was reduced. The slope of the 0%, 1% and 3% compost amended isotherms was 12.8 and 4.8 for the 5% isotherm. Water extractable DU was reduced as compost levels increased. Citric acid desorption remained equal for the control (0%) and 1% compost soils, but was lower for the 3% and 5% soils. Of the organic ligands tested, citric acid, DFOB, oxalic acid, malic acid, and succinic acid were best for DU and GLDA, EDTA, NTA, and BayPure RTM for Pb.
机译：贫铀（DU）已被引入战场和美国陆军射击场的环境中。土壤化学差异表明，DU在干旱荒漠土壤中的行为与其他土壤不同。关于干旱地区石灰质土壤中DU行为的报道很少，例如亚利桑那州的尤马试验场（YPG），在这里测试了含DU的渗透剂。还必须了解补救措施如何影响DU行为。这项研究的目的是了解DU在美国西南部的干旱区钙质土壤中的行为，以及用于控制植物修复的土壤改良剂如何影响该行为。对从YPG和新墨西哥州DU污染场地收集的土壤进行了研究，以表征土壤并（1）观察DU在水，粪肥和柠檬酸影响下在30厘米土壤深度中的迁移率； （2）在经过0％，1％，3％和5％堆肥改良的土壤上表征DU的吸附以及随后的用水和柠檬酸的解吸；以及（3）在DU和Pb上测试不同的螯合剂，以通过植物提取进行修复。这些研究发现，DU用水浸出了30厘米的土壤剖面，柠檬酸处理过的色谱柱比粪肥改良过的色谱柱淋滤出更多的DU。从柠檬酸柱中浸出的平均DU为4,152 mg +/- 1,352，对于粪肥改良柱，其平均为331 mg +/-130。在三种不同堆肥水平下对土壤的修正直到其达到DU时才改变在5％时吸附降低。 5％等温线的0％，1％和3％堆肥修正等温线的斜率分别为12.8和4.8。随着堆肥水平的增加，水可提取的DU减少。对照（0％）和1％堆肥土壤的柠檬酸解吸量保持相等，而3％和5％土壤的柠檬酸解吸率较低。在所测试的有机配体中，柠檬酸，DFOB，草酸，苹果酸和琥珀酸最适合用于DU，而GLDA，EDTA，NTA和BayPure RTM对于Pb最适合。

著录项

  • 作者

    Parra, Ramona Rios.;

  • 作者单位

    New Mexico State University.;

  • 授予单位 New Mexico State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Soil Science.; Environmental Sciences.; Engineering Environmental.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 121 p.
  • 总页数 121
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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