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The effect of transaction costs on greenhouse gas emission mitigation for agriculture and forestry.

机译：交易成本对减轻农业和林业温室气体排放的影响。

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摘要

Climate change and its mitigation is rapidly becoming an item of social concern. Climate change mitigation involves reduction of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations through emissions reduction and or sequestration enhancement (collectively called offsets). Many have asked how agriculture and forestry can participate in mitigation efforts. Given that over 80 percent of greenhouse gas emissions arise from the energy sector, the role of agriculture and forestry depends critically on the costs of the offsets they can achieve in comparison with offset costs elsewhere in the economy. A number of researchers have examined the relative offset costs but have generally looked only at producer level costs. However there are also costs incurred when implementing, selling and conveying offset credits to a buyer. Also when commodities are involved like bioenergy feedstocks, the costs of readying these for use in implementing an offset strategy need to be reflected. This generally involves the broadly defined category of transaction costs. This dissertation examines the possible effects of transactions costs and storage costs for bioenergy commodities and how they affect the agriculture and forestry portfolio of mitigation strategies across a range of carbon dioxide equivalent prices. The model is used to simulate the effects with and without transactions and storage costs. Using an agriculture and forestry sector model called FASOMGHG, the dissertation finds that consideration of transactions and storage costs reduces the agricultural contribution total mitigation and changes the desirable portfolio of alternatives. In terms of the portfolio, transactions costs inclusion diminishes the desirability of soil sequestration and forest management while increasing the bioenergy and afforestation role. Storage costs diminish the bioenergy role and favor forest and sequestration items. The results of this study illustrate that transactions and storage costs are important considerations in policy and market design when addressing the reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations in climate change related decision making.
机译：气候变化及其缓解正在迅速成为社会关注的一个问题。缓解气候变化涉及通过减少排放和/或增加固存（统称为补偿）来减少大气中温室气体的浓度。许多人询问农业和林业如何参与缓解工作。鉴于超过80％的温室气体排放来自能源部门，与经济中其他地方的抵消成本相比，农业和林业的作用在很大程度上取决于它们可以实现的抵消成本。许多研究人员检查了相对抵消成本，但通常只关注生产者一级的成本。但是，在实施，出售抵消信贷并将其传达给买方时，也会产生成本。同样，当涉及到诸如生物能源原料之类的商品时，也需要反映将其准备用于实施补偿战略的成本。这通常涉及广泛定义的交易成本类别。本文研究了在二氧化碳当量价格范围内生物能源商品的交易成本和存储成本的可能影响，以及它们如何影响农业和林业的减缓战略投资组合。该模型用于模拟有无交易和存储成本的效果。运用农林业部门模型FASOMGHG，研究发现交易和仓储成本的考虑减少了农业贡献总量的缓解，并改变了理想的替代方案。在投资组合方面，包括交易成本在内减少了固存和森林管理的需求，同时增加了生物能源和造林的作用。储存成本降低了生物能源的作用，并有利于森林和隔离项目。这项研究的结果表明，在解决与气候变化有关的决策中降低温室气体浓度时，交易和存储成本是政策和市场设计中的重要考虑因素。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kim, Seong Woo.;

  • 作者单位

    Texas A&M University.;

  • 授予单位 Texas A&M University.;
  • 学科 Economics Environmental.;Economics Agricultural.;Economics General.;Agriculture Forestry and Wildlife.;Agriculture General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 87 p.
  • 总页数 87
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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