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Tuning optoelectronic properties and understanding charge transport in nanocrystal thin films of earth abundant semiconducting materials.

机译：调节光电特性并了解富含地球的半导体材料的纳米晶体薄膜中的电荷传输。

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摘要

With the capability of producing nearly 600 TW annually, solar power is one renewable energy source with the potential to meet a large fraction of the world's burgeoning energy demand. To make solar technology cost-competitive with carbon-based fuels, cheaper devices need to be realized. Solution-processed solar cells from nanocrystal inks of earth abundant materials satisfy this requirement. Nonetheless, a major hurdle in commercializing such devices is poor charge transport through nanocrystal thin films. The efficiency of charge transport through nanocrystal thin films is strongly dependent on the quality of the nanocrystals, as well as their optoelectronic properties. Therefore, the first part of this dissertation is focused on synthesizing high quality nanocrystals of Cu2ZnSnS4, a promising earth abundant photovoltaic absorber material. The optoelectronic properties of the nanocrystals were tuned by altering the copper to zinc ratio, as well as by introducing selenium to create Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSe x)4 solid solutions. Photoelectrochemical characterization was used to test the Cu2ZnSnS4 and Cu2ZnSn(S 1-xSex)4 nanocrystal thin films. The results identify minority carrier diffusion and recombination via the redox shuttle as the major loss mechanisms hindering efficient charge transport through the nanocrystal thin films. One way to solve this issue is to sinter the nanocrystals together, creating large grains for efficient charge transport. Although this may be quick and effective, it can lead to the formation of structural defects, among other issues. To this end, using a different copper-based material, namely Cu2Se, and simple surface chemistry treatments, an alternative route to enhance charge transport through nanocrystals thin films is proposed.
机译：太阳能年产能力近600 TW，是一种可再生能源，有潜力满足世界新兴能源需求的很大一部分。为了使太阳能技术与基于碳的燃料具有成本竞争力，需要实现更便宜的设备。由富含地球的材料的纳米晶体墨水进行固溶处理的太阳能电池可满足此要求。然而，使这种装置商业化的主要障碍是通过纳米晶体薄膜的不良电荷传输。通过纳米晶体薄膜的电荷传输效率在很大程度上取决于纳米晶体的质量及其光电性能。因此，本论文的第一部分集中于合成高质量的Cu2ZnSnS4纳米晶体，Cu2ZnSnS4是一种有希望的富含地球的光伏吸收材料。通过改变铜与锌的比例，以及通过引入硒以生成Cu2ZnSn（S1-xSe x）4固溶体，可以调节纳米晶体的光电性能。用光电化学特征测试了Cu2ZnSnS4和Cu2ZnSn（S 1-xSex）4纳米晶体薄膜。结果表明少数载流子通过氧化还原穿梭扩散和重组是主要的损失机制，阻碍了电荷有效地通过纳米晶体薄膜传输。解决此问题的一种方法是将纳米晶体烧结在一起，形成大颗粒以进行有效的电荷传输。尽管这可能是快速而有效的，但除其他问题外，它还可能导致结构缺陷的形成。为此，提出了使用另一种铜基材料（即Cu2Se）和简单的表面化学处理方法，提出另一种增强电荷通过纳米晶体薄膜传输的替代方法。

著录项

  • 作者

    Riha, Shannon C.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Physical.;Engineering Materials Science.;Energy.;Nanoscience.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 169 p.
  • 总页数 169
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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