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首页> 外文学位 >Approaches for modeling spatial dynamics of forest insect disturbance: The integration of GIScience, complex systems theory and swarming intelligence.
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Approaches for modeling spatial dynamics of forest insect disturbance: The integration of GIScience, complex systems theory and swarming intelligence.

机译：森林昆虫干扰空间动态建模的方法：GIS科学，复杂系统理论和群体智能的集成。

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摘要

Forest ecological systems are constantly being changed by natural disturbances such as insect infestations, fires and diseases among others. These events can result in the death of trees over areas of several thousand hectares. In western Canada, including the province of British Columbia, extensive outbreaks of mountain pine beetle (MPB) have been occurring during the last decade, raising concerns about the health of these forests and the ability to deal with these issues. For this reason, the development of forest insect infestation models has become an active research topic for scientists from many different disciplines, and geography is not apart from this issue. The insect disturbance phenomenon is a complex process that is inherently linked to space and time. Interactions between insects such as the MPB and the forest ecosystem display a wide variety of complex system properties. Accordingly, complex landscape patterns of tree mortality emerge from interacting MPB individuals that act at local host tree levels. Complex systems theory modeling approaches such as cellular automata (CA) and agent-based modeling (ABM), allow simulations of spatial interactions, which can describe the ecological context in which insect populations spread. The objective of this research is to develop and implement several spatio-temporal modeling approaches that are based on the integration of complex systems theory, swarming intelligence (SI) and geographic information systems (GIS). In particular, this dissertation introduces novel modeling approaches for generating forest patterns emerging from MPB disturbance. MPB behaviours observed in nature are simulated using SI algorithms that depict their indirect communication, collective behaviour and self-organized aggregation in a forest ecosystem. Thesis findings demonstrate that forest patterns of MPB disturbance can be realistically depicted and simulated when collective aggregation behaviour of MPB, forest structure and spatial dynamics within the system are considered and analyzed simultaneously. Approaches are implemented in the context of MPB disturbance in British Columbia, Canada. This dissertation presents novel contributions to the study of the dynamic changes of forest cover resulting from forest insect infestations by means of complex systems theory, swarming intelligence and GIS. The thesis main contributions are in the fields of GIScience, Landscape Ecology, Environmental Resource Management and Geography.;Keywords: agent-based modelling (ABM); complexity theory; swarming intelligence; forest infestation, geographic information system (GIS); mountain pine beetle (MPB); cellular automata (CA).
机译：森林生态系统不断受到自然因素的影响，例如昆虫侵扰，火灾和疾病等。这些事件可能导致数千公顷的树木死亡。在加拿大西部，包括不列颠哥伦比亚省，过去十年间爆发了广泛的山松甲虫（MPB），引起人们对这些森林的健康以及应对这些问题的能力的担忧。因此，对于许多不同学科的科学家来说，森林昆虫侵害模型的开发已成为一个活跃的研究主题，而地理学并非没有这个问题。昆虫干扰现象是一个复杂的过程，固有地与时空相关。 MPB之类的昆虫与森林生态系统之间的相互作用表现出各种复杂的系统特性。因此，在当地寄主树木水平上相互作用的MPB个体会形成树木死亡的复杂景观格局。诸如细胞自动机（CA）和基于代理的建模（ABM）之类的复杂系统理论建模方法可以模拟空间相互作用，从而可以描述昆虫种群扩散的生态环境。这项研究的目的是开发和实现基于复杂系统理论，群体智能（SI）和地理信息系统（GIS）集成的几种时空建模方法。特别是，本文引入了新颖的建模方法来生成MPB干扰引起的森林格局。使用SI算法模拟自然界中观察到的MPB行为，这些算法描述了它们在森林生态系统中的间接通信，集体行为和自组织聚集。论文结果表明，当同时考虑和分析系统中MPB的集体聚集行为，森林结构和空间动态时，可以真实地描绘和模拟MPB扰动的森林模式。这些方法是在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的MPB干扰环境中实施的。运用复杂系统理论，群体智能和GIS技术，为森林昆虫侵扰引起的森林覆盖动态变化研究提供了新的贡献。论文的主要贡献是在地理科学，景观生态学，环境资源管理和地理学领域。复杂性理论蜂拥而至的情报；森林侵扰，地理信息系统（GIS）；山松甲虫（MPB）;细胞自动机（CA）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Perez, Liliana.;

  • 作者单位

    Simon Fraser University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Simon Fraser University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Geodesy.;Agriculture Wildlife Management.;Agriculture Forestry and Wildlife.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 246 p.
  • 总页数 246
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 能源与动力工程;
  • 关键词

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