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Modelling tropospheric ozone and related tracers in a 3-D chemical transport model: An investigation of biogenic nitrogen oxides and VOC modelling techniques and changing emissions scenarios.

机译:在3-D化学迁移模型中对流层臭氧和相关示踪剂进行建模:对生物氮氧化物和VOC建模技术的研究以及不断变化的排放情景。

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摘要

The York Chemical Transport Model (YCTM) has been improved to include a meteorologically sensitive biogenic emissions processing scheme for biogenic VOCs (including isoprene) and soil NOx sources. The performance of the YCTM has been assessed against trace gas tropospheric measurements and other published CTMs. Although there are model weaknesses (e.g., overprediction of tropospheric CO in the Southern Hemisphere) the model nonetheless proves to be a useful tool within which to examine tropospheric constituents as it generally performs adequately on a global basis as tested in a contemporary control scenario. The YCTM is a semi-Lagrangian global scale chemical transport model including 38 species and 72 gas phase chemical reactions; meteorology is preprocessed separately. Inclusion of the meteorologically sensitive biogenic VOC emissions processing scheme has revealed that due to most of the O 3 being in a NOx limited regime, biogenic VOCs induce only a moderate effect on tropospheric ozone levels, but a more significant effect on CO levels in the troposphere. At a global scale updating emission contributions from biogenic sources on a 6 hourly basis results in very significant differences (up to 50%) in tropospheric ozone mixing ratios at short (3 hourly) time scales. At longer timescales (10 day averages) these effects are more moderate (up to 15%).; The YCTM has also been applied to examine a preindustrial and a future scenario and resulting impacts on ozone and related tropospheric trace gases have been examined. Results from this aspect of the study indicate that ozone levels have increased at least 60% in the Northern Hemisphere and 20% in the Southern Hemisphere since preindustrial times. Use of a conservative future scenario indicates that ozone levels are expected to increase 25 to 85% in the Northern Hemisphere and 15 to 55% in the Southern Hemisphere. Application of representative scenario climate effects (including temperature and precipitation) appears to have little impact on results. Emissions seem more critical than CO2 related climate changes such as precipitation and temperature. Investigation of changes in biogenic emissions due to climate feedbacks including temperature and precipitation was not carried out in this study and warrants further exploration.
机译:约克化学传输模型(YCTM)进行了改进,以包括针对生物VOC(包括异戊二烯)和土壤NOx来源的气象敏感的生物排放处理方案。 YCTM的性能已根据痕量气体对流层测量值和其他已发布的CTM进行了评估。尽管存在模型弱点(例如,南半球对流层CO的过度预测),但该模型被证明是检查对流层成分的有用工具,因为它通常在全球范围内表现良好,如在现代控制方案中所测试的那样。 YCTM是一种半拉格朗日全球规模的化学迁移模型,包括38种和72种气相化学反应;气象学是单独进行预处理的。纳入对气象敏感的生物VOC排放处理方案后,发现由于大多数O 3处于NOx受限状态,生物VOC仅对对流层臭氧水平产生中等影响,但对对流层CO的影响更为显着。在全球范围内,每6个小时更新一次生物源的排放贡献会导致在短(3个小时)的时间尺度上对流层臭氧混合比产生非常显着的差异(高达50%)。在更长的时间范围内(平均10天),这些影响更为温和(高达15%)。 YCTM还被用于检查工业化前和未来的情景,并研究了其对臭氧和相关对流层痕量气体的影响。研究的这一方面的结果表明,自工业化以来,北半球的臭氧水平增加了至少60%,南半球的臭氧水平增加了20%。如果使用保守的未来情景,则预计北半球的臭氧水平将增加25%至85%,南半球的臭氧水平将增加15%至55%。应用代表性情景气候影响(包括温度和降水)似乎对结果影响很小。排放似乎比与二氧化碳有关的气候变化(如降水和温度)更为关键。这项研究未对由于气候反馈(包括温度和降水)导致的生物排放变化进行调查,因此值得进一步探索。

著录项

  • 作者单位

    York University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 York University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Physics Atmospheric Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 286 p.
  • 总页数 286
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 大气科学(气象学);
  • 关键词

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