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The veteran killer: The Florida Emergency Relief Administration and the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935.

机译:资深杀手:佛罗里达紧急救济管理局和1935年劳动节飓风。

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摘要

On Labor Day 1935, the most powerful hurricane to make landfall in the United States barreled across the Upper Florida Keys, bringing 200 mile an hour winds and an eighteen foot storm surge.1 Some 695 men were enrolled in three Upper Keys Florida Emergency Relief Administration Veterans' Work Camps. Because of the holiday, only about 400 veterans were in the camps when the hurricane struck, of which 258 died and over a 100 were injured. Additionally, 164 local residents died. In all, 423 people died in the storm.2; Despite receiving official storm warnings for three days, Work Camp officials intentionally delayed an evacuation. When a rescue train finally arrived to begin the evacuation it was toppled by the wind and the storm surge. 3; Days after the storm, the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) and the Veterans Administration (VA) concluded that the disaster was “an act of God.”4 The final VA investigation concluded that the Florida ERA was responsible for the disaster, and then it was promptly buried.5 After an elaborate show, a U.S. Congressional investigation agreed with the FERA/VA “act of God” theory and awarded compensation to the veterans' families.6; 1Jay Barnes, Florida's Hurricane History , Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998, 144–159. 2David W. Kennamer, “Report of Investigation, Re: Florida Hurricane Disaster,” October 30, 1935, in National Archives, Records of the Veterans Administration, Reports and Other Records, 1935–37, Report of Investigation, Re: Hurricane Disaster. RG 15, Entry 20A, Box 1–8, National Record Center, College Park, Maryland. (hereinafter cited as VA Investigation). 3 Ibid. 4Aubrey W. Williams and George E. Ijams, Report to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, September 8, 1935, in National Archives, Records of the Works Project Administration/Federal Emergence Relief Administration, Central Files, 1933–1936, Florida Hurricane Disaster, 1935. Record Group 69, Series 006–006.1, PC 37, Entry 9, Box 7–9, in the National Archives, Washington, D.C. 5David W. Kennamer, “Report of Investigation, Re: Florida Hurricane Disaster,” October 30, 1935, VA Investigation, VA Selected Records. 6U.S. Congress. House. Committee on World War Veterans' Legislation. Florida Hurricane Disaster: Hearing before the Committee on World War Veterans' Legislation, House of Representatives, Seventy-fourth Congress, Second Session, on H.R. 9486, a bill for the relief of widows, children and dependent parents of world war veterans who dies as the result of the Florida hurricane at Windley Island and Matecumbe Keys, September 2, 1935. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Printing Office, 1936.
机译:在1935年劳动节那天,美国登陆期间最强大的飓风横扫佛罗里达上游群岛,造成每小时200英里的风速和18英尺的风暴潮。 1 大约有695名人员报名参加了三个上层佛罗里达紧急救济管理局退伍军人工作营。由于假期,飓风袭来时,营地中只有大约400名退伍军人,其中258人死亡,100多人受伤。此外,有164位当地居民死亡。共有423人在暴风雨中丧生。 2 ;尽管收到了三天的官方风暴警告,但工作营官员有意延迟了疏散工作。 3 ;当一列救援火车终于到达开始疏散时,它被风和风暴潮击倒了。暴风雨过后几天,联邦紧急救济管理局(FERA)和退伍军人管理局(VA)得出结论认为,这场灾难是“天灾”。 4 最终的VA调查得出的结论是,佛罗里达ERA是 5 经过精心策划的表演后,美国国会调查结果同意FERA / VA的“上帝作为”理论,并向退伍军人的家庭提供了赔偿。 6 ; 1 Jay Barnes,<斜体>《佛罗里达飓风历史》,斜体山,教堂山:北卡罗来纳大学出版社,1998年,第144-159页。 2 David W. Kennamer,“调查报告,关于:佛罗里达飓风灾难”,1935年10月30日,国家档案馆,退伍军人管理局记录,报告和其他记录,1935-37年,报告调查:关于:飓风灾害。马里兰大学学院国家记录中心RG 15,条目20A,第1-8箱。 (以下称为VA调查)。 3 同上。 4 Aubrey W. Williams和George E. Ijams,向总统富兰克林·罗斯福(Franklin D. Roosevelt)提交的报告,1935年9月,在国家档案馆中,作品项目管理局/联邦紧急救济管理局的记录,中央文件, 1933年至1936年,佛罗里达飓风灾难,1935年。记录组69,系列006-006.1,PC 37,条目9,第7-9栏,位于华盛顿特区国家档案馆, 5 David W.kennamer ,“调查报告,关于:佛罗里达飓风灾难”,1935年10月30日,弗吉尼亚州调查局,弗吉尼亚州选定记录。 6 美国国会。屋。世界大战退伍军人立法委员会。佛罗里达飓风灾难:世界大战退伍军人立法委员会,众议院,第七十四届国会,第二届会议,关于HR 9486的听证会,该法案旨在减轻寡妇,世界大战退伍军人的子女和dependent养父母他死于1935年9月2日在温德利岛和马特库姆比斯(Matecumbe Keys)的佛罗里达飓风中丧生。华盛顿特区:美国印刷局,1936年。

著录项

  • 作者

    Seiler, Christine Kay.;

  • 作者单位

    The Florida State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Florida State University.;
  • 学科 History United States.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 492 p.
  • 总页数 492
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 美洲史;
  • 关键词

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