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首页> 外文学位 >Genetic Control of Protein and Amino Acid Content in Soybean Determined in Two Genetically Connected Populations.
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Genetic Control of Protein and Amino Acid Content in Soybean Determined in Two Genetically Connected Populations.

机译：在两个遗传相关群体中确定的大豆蛋白质和氨基酸含量的遗传控制。

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摘要

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed protein is an important component of soybean meal for both human and animal consumption as it accounts for nearly 70% of the world vegetable protein market and is a primary source of essential amino acids for animal feed. Insufficient levels of sulfur-containing amino acids cysteine and methionine create a limiting factor for animal feed quality. An objective of soybean breeders is to find methods to increase the supply and quality of soybean seed protein. The study reported herein was conducted on two F4-derived soybean populations ('NC-Roy' x 'Prolina' and 'NC-Roy' x NC-106) segregating for total protein concentration. Phenotypic data were collected from each population in four environments for agronomic traits flowering date, maturity date, plant height, and seed yield, as well as the seed quality traits concentration of protein, oil, and eighteen amino acids. Genotypic data were collected for both populations using simple sequence repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Objectives of this study were to estimate heritability of and genetic correlations among the twenty-four traits as well as detect trait associated quantitative trait loci (QTL) via three methods: individual populations, combined population assuming four unique alleles, and combined population considering the genetically connected maternal line in both populations.;Heritability estimates obtained from these populations suggested selection for protein, oil, and certain amino acids concentration may proceed without difficulty in F4-derived lines. Significant, positive genetic correlations greater than 70% were estimated between protein concentration and all amino acids, apart from cysteine, histidine, and tryptophan. These results implied the ability to indirectly select for particular amino acids while selecting for protein concentration. Genetic correlations between protein concentration and amino acids suggested these traits are controlled by shared alleles at common quantitative trait loci; therefore, selecting alleles that confer an increase in protein concentration would likely lead to an increase in cysteine and methionine as well as the majority of the remaining amino acids.;Individual population analysis revealed regions in common across the two populations on linkage group K/9 for protein concentration. A previously reported protein concentration QTL on G/18 was also verified. Results of the combined analysis implied two protein concentration QTL, mapped to C2/6 and Z/9, were not considerably influenced by maturity date or seed yield in these populations. Given the reported information, an approach to increasing protein concentration is to backcross the regions near BARC-044639-08743 (C2/6, 36.77 cM) and Satt260 (K/9, 60.9 cM) from NC-106 into a superior inbred line.;Genomic regions on N/3, C2/6, K/9, and G/18 were significant for a majority of the amino acids. A cysteine content QTL on O/10 (88.1 -- 93.2 cM) provided and opportunity to increase cysteine content alone. However, the efficacy of this is questionable as this region was common to previously reported maturity and seed yield QTL. Cysteine and methionine QTL on K/9 and C2/6 were also associated with multiple amino acids; these regions were not specific enough for a backcrossing scheme to significantly improve the soybean seed protein quality.;Connected population QTL analysis revealed more precise regions significantly associated with protein and amino acid concentration, providing an avenue for breeders to be more effective in their attempts to increase soybean protein concentration and quality. However, results of this study suggested it may not be possible to alter the amino acid composition of protein concentration when making selections in these two populations.
机译：大豆（Glycine max（L.）Merr。）种子蛋白是豆粕对人和动物食用的重要组成部分，因为它占世界植物蛋白市场的近70％，并且是动物必需氨基酸的主要来源饲料。含硫氨基酸半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸的含量不足限制了动物饲料的质量。大豆育种者的目标是找到增加大豆种子蛋白供应和质量的方法。本文报道的研究是针对两个F4衍生的大豆种群（“ NC-Roy” x“ Prolina”和“ NC-Roy” x NC-106）进行的，以分离总蛋白浓度。从四个环境中的每个种群收集表型数据，以了解农艺性状的开花日期，成熟日期，植物高度和种子产量，以及蛋白质，油和十八种氨基酸的种子品质性状浓度。使用简单的序列重复和单核苷酸多态性标记为两个种群收集基因型数据。本研究的目的是通过以下三种方法评估二十四个性状的遗传力和遗传相关性，并通过三种方法检测与性状相关的数量性状基因座（QTL）：单个种群，假设四个独特等位基因的合并种群以及考虑遗传的联合种群从这两个种群获得的遗传性估计值表明，在F4衍生品系中可以轻松进行蛋白质，油脂和某些氨基酸浓度的选择。除半胱氨酸，组氨酸和色氨酸外，蛋白质浓度与所有氨基酸之间的显着正相关性均大于70％。这些结果暗示了在选择蛋白质浓度的同时间接选择特定氨基酸的能力。蛋白质浓度与氨基酸之间的遗传相关性表明，这些性状是由共同的定量性状基因座上的共有等位基因控制的。因此，选择赋予蛋白质浓度增加的等位基因可能会导致半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸以及大部分剩余氨基酸的增加。；个体群体分析揭示了K / 9连锁群在两个群体中共有的区域用于蛋白质浓度。还验证了先前报道的G / 18上的蛋白质浓度QTL。组合分析的结果表明，映射到C2 / 6和Z / 9的两个蛋白质浓度QTL不受这些种群的成熟日期或种子产量的很大影响。根据报告的信息，增加蛋白质浓度的方法是将NC-106从BARC-044639-08743（C2 / 6，36.77 cM）和Satt260（K / 9，60.9 cM）附近的区域回交到上交系。 ； N / 3，C2 / 6，K / 9和G / 18上的基因组区域对于大多数氨基酸而言是重要的。提供了O / 10（88.1-93.2 cM）上的半胱氨酸含量QTL，并且有机会单独增加半胱氨酸含量。但是，由于先前报道的成熟度和种子产量QTL普遍存在该区域，因此其有效性值得怀疑。 K / 9和C2 / 6上的半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸QTL也与多种氨基酸有关。这些区域的特异性不足以用于回交方案，以显着改善大豆种子的蛋白质质量。关联的群体QTL分析显示，更精确的区域与蛋白质和氨基酸浓度显着相关，从而为育种者提供了更有效的尝试增加大豆蛋白的浓度和质量。但是，这项研究的结果表明，在这两个人群中进行选择时，可能无法改变蛋白质浓度的氨基酸组成。

著录项

  • 作者

    Carlson, Carrin Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    North Carolina State University.;

  • 授予单位 North Carolina State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Genetics.;Agriculture Plant Culture.;Engineering Agricultural.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 191 p.
  • 总页数 191
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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