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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of neurosurgical sciences >Using genetically incorporated unnatural amino acids to control protein functions in mammalian cells
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Using genetically incorporated unnatural amino acids to control protein functions in mammalian cells

机译：使用遗传掺入的非天然氨基酸来控制哺乳动物细胞中的蛋白质功能

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摘要

Genetic code expansion allows unnatural (non-canonical) amino acid incorporation into proteins of interest by repurposing the cellular translation machinery. The development of this technique has enabled site-specific incorporation of many structurally and chemically diverse amino acids, facilitating a plethora of applications, including protein imaging, engineering, mechanistic and structural investigations, and functional regulation. Particularly, genetic code expansion provides great tools to study mammalian proteins, of which dysregulations often have important implications in health. In recent years, a series of methods has been developed to modulate protein function through genetically incorporated unnatural amino acids. In this review, we will first discuss the basic concept of genetic code expansion and give an up-to-date list of amino acids that can be incorporated into proteins in mammalian cells. We then focus on the use of unnatural amino acids to activate, inhibit, or reversibly modulate protein function by translational, optical or chemical control. The features of each approach will also be highlighted.
机译：通过重新施加细胞翻译机械，遗传密码扩张允许不自然（非规范）氨基酸掺入感兴趣的蛋白质。该技术的发展使得能够使许多结构和化学多样化的氨基酸的特异性掺入，促进过多的应用，包括蛋白质成像，工程，机械和结构研究和功能调节。特别是，遗传代码扩张提供了学习哺乳动物蛋白质的伟大工具，其中缺乏抑制常常在健康方面具有重要意义。近年来，已经开发了一系列方法来通过遗传掺入非天然氨基酸调节蛋白质功能。在本综述中，我们将首先讨论遗传代码扩张的基本概念，并赋予氨基酸的最新列表，其可以掺入哺乳动物细胞中的蛋白质中。然后，我们专注于使用不自然的氨基酸通过平移，光学或化学对照来激活，抑制或可逆地调节蛋白质功能。也将突出各种方法的特征。

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