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EMI Filter Design and Optimization for Three-Phase Motor Drive Systems.

机译：三相电动机驱动系统的EMI滤波器设计和优化。

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摘要

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a common problem in power electronics systems. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) control of semiconductor devices in a power converter circuit creates discontinuity in voltage and current with rich harmonics over a broad frequency range, creating both conducted and radiated noise. The increase in switching speed enabled by new power semiconductor devices helps to reduce converter size and reduce switching losses, but further exacerbates the EMI problem. Complying with regulatory EMI emission limits requires the use of EMI filters in almost all power converter designs, and EMI filters are often the dominant elements for system volume, weight, and cost. This is particularly true for motor drives used in an aircraft environment, where filtering of both input and output conducted EMI may be necessary.;The traditional approach to EMI filter design requires measurements of unattenuated EMI emission of a converter, which cannot start until a complete system prototype has been built and tested. This "EMI-last" approach results in sub-optimal solutions at best and often results time-consuming and costly redesign of part or the entire system. To solve this problem and to enable a "concurrent EMI design" approach, EMI modeling of motor drive systems is studied first in this work. Piece-wise linear behavioral models are used to model different components of a typical motor drive system, such as semiconductor devices, passive components, interconnects and cables, and motors. Such behavioral models can be established in parallel with motor drive circuit and control design, thereby providing a means to evaluate different design options in terms of system EMI performance and to optimize EMI filter design without requiring prototype measurement results.;The second part of this work deals with new methods to reduce EMI emission from motor drive systems. One technique proposed is to reduce system common-mode (CM) EMI emission by inserting passive components around the CM voltage source to create a balanced Wheatstone impedance bridge where the CM current generated through one path is cancelled by that in another path, significantly reducing CM current emission at the input or output terminals that needs to be attenuated. The inserted passive components carry only the CM current, hence can be much smaller than traditional CM filter components which have to carry the full input or output current. The second technique, which is effective in reducing both CM and differential-mode (DM) EMI, is by phase-shifting the PWM signals of parallel converter modules. In particular, asymmetric interleaving, in which the phase-shift angle is varied from module to module is applied to optimize the cancellation of harmonics that otherwise drive the EMI filter size.;The third part of this work deals with damping of EMI filters. It is known that peaking in the output impedance of an EMI filter due to parallel resonance of the filter inductor and capacitor may create an intersection point with the input impedance of the converter, causing degradation in converter control performance or even instability of the filter-converter system. In this work, we demonstrate that dipping in the input impedance of an EMI filter due to series resonance of filter inductor and capacitor can also cause intersection with the source output impedance and lead to source-filter system instability. Optimal damping of EMI filter input impedance to avoid interactions with the source output impedance is studied. Closed-form analytical results are developed for optimal design of different damping circuits. The optimization method is further extended to multi-stage LC filters.
机译：电磁干扰（EMI）是电力电子系统中的常见问题。功率转换器电路中半导体器件的脉冲宽度调制（PWM）控制会在宽频率范围内产生电压和电流的不连续性，并带有丰富的谐波，从而产生传导噪声和辐射噪声。新的功率半导体器件可提高开关速度，有助于减小转换器尺寸并降低开关损耗，但进一步加剧了EMI问题。遵守法规EMI辐射限值要求几乎在所有功率转换器设计中都使用EMI滤波器，而EMI滤波器通常是系统体积，重量和成本的主要因素。这对于在飞机环境中使用的电机驱动器尤其如此，在这种环境中可能需要对输入和输出传导EMI进行滤波。传统的EMI滤波器设计方法要求测量转换器的未衰减EMI发射，直到完全消除后才能启动系统原型已构建并经过测试。这种“ EMI-last”方法最多只能带来次优的解决方案，并且经常导致零件或整个系统重新设计的耗时且成本高昂。为了解决此问题并启用“并行EMI设计”方法，在这项工作中首先研究了电机驱动系统的EMI建模。分段线性行为模型用于对典型电动机驱动系统的不同组件进行建模，例如半导体器件，无源组件，互连和电缆以及电动机。可以与电动机驱动电路和控制设计并行建立这种行为模型，从而提供一种在系统EMI性能方面评估不同设计方案并优化EMI滤波器设计的方法，而无需原型测量结果。致力于减少电机驱动系统的EMI辐射的新方法。提出的一种技术是通过在CM电压源周围插入无源元件以创建平衡的惠斯通阻抗桥来减少系统共模（CM）EMI辐射，其中通过一条路径产生的CM电流被另一条路径产生的CM电流抵消，从而显着降低CM需要衰减输入或输出端子上的电流发射。插入的无源组件仅承载CM电流，因此可以比必须承载全部输入或输出电流的传统CM滤波器组件小得多。第二种有效降低CM和差模（DM）EMI的技术是通过对并行转换器模块的PWM信号进行相移。特别是，采用不对称交织，其中相移角随模块的不同而变化，以优化消除谐波的效果，否则谐波将驱动EMI滤波器的尺寸。;第三部分涉及EMI滤波器的阻尼。众所周知，由于滤波器电感和电容器的并联谐振，EMI滤波器的输出阻抗达到峰值可能会与转换器的输入阻抗产生交点，从而导致转换器控制性能下降甚至滤波器转换器不稳定。系统。在这项工作中，我们证明了由于滤波器电感器和电容器的串联谐振而引起的EMI滤波器输入阻抗的下降也可能导致与源极输出阻抗相交，并导致源极滤波器系统不稳定。研究了EMI滤波器输入阻抗的最佳阻尼，以避免与源输出阻抗的相互作用。为不同阻尼电路的最佳设计开发了闭式分析结果。优化方法进一步扩展到多级LC滤波器。

著录项

  • 作者

    Xing, Lei.;

  • 作者单位

    Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.;

  • 授予单位 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.;
  • 学科 Engineering Electronics and Electrical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 157 p.
  • 总页数 157
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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