• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Methods for assessing risk from pesticide exposure in pregnant women living in an agricultural community using biomarkers and benchmark dose modeling.
【24h】

Methods for assessing risk from pesticide exposure in pregnant women living in an agricultural community using biomarkers and benchmark dose modeling.

机译：使用生物标志物和基准剂量模型评估生活在农业社区中孕妇的农药暴露风险的方法。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

This dissertation presents methods to assess cumulative organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure among pregnant women, and identifies research needed to fill data and methodological gaps. It begins with an overview of the challenges posed by using the results of benchmark dose modeling and biological monitoring data to assess the cumulative risk of toxicant exposure. Two case studies are presented that estimate pregnant women's cumulative OP pesticide dose equivalents based on urinary OP metabolite levels obtained from the Center for the Health Assessment of Women and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS).;All women assessed had detectable levels of urinary OP metabolites at some point during pregnancy. In the first case study, the average cumulative dose equivalents for 66 of 445 (14.8%) women failed to attain the margin of exposure (MOE) of 100 or more relative to the index chemical's U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) oral benchmark dose. Because this case study was based on non-specific urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolite data, pesticide use reporting data for the Salinas Valley was used to quantify the likely mixture of OP pesticides to which the women were exposed. The second case study addresses this issue by basing cumulative OP pesticide dose equivalents on four chemical-specific urinary metabolites. This case study reports estimated cumulative dose equivalents of four OP pesticides based on samples collected from 430 pregnant women, all of which attained an MOE greater than 100. These exposures may be underestimated because methods do not currently exist to analyze the metabolites of several OP compounds heavily used in the Salinas Valley. To put these results in context, currently available risk assessment information for the 23 chemicals with U.S. EPA reference values based on benchmark dose modeling were analyzed to determine the potential risks from exposure at the established reference doses (RfDs) and reference concentrations (RfCs). Twenty-four percent of the reference values corresponded to estimated risk levels greater than 1 in 1,000, calling into question the assumption that noncancer RfD and RfC values represent "acceptable levels" of exposure.;These results suggest that a small portion of women participating in the CHAMACOS study may have cumulative OP pesticide exposures exceeding a health-protective reference value, and that current regulatory reference values may not be adequately protective of sensitive populations.
机译：本文提出了评估孕妇中累积有机磷农药暴露的方法，并确定了需要填补数据和方法学空白的研究。它首先概述了使用基准剂量建模和生物监测数据评估有毒物质累积风险所带来的挑战。提出了两个案例研究，根据从萨利纳斯州妇女和儿童健康评估中心（CHAMACOS）获得的尿液OP代谢物水平估算孕妇的累积OP农药剂量当量；所有接受评估的妇女的尿液OP代谢物水平均为怀孕期间的某个时间点。在第一个案例研究中，相对于索引化学品的美国环境保护署（US EPA）口服基准剂量，445名女性中有66名（14.8％）的平均累积剂量当量未达到100或更高的接触裕度。因为此案例研究基于非特异性尿磷酸二烷基酯代谢物数据，所以萨利纳斯山谷的农药使用报告数据被用于量化妇女所接触的OP农药的可能混合物。第二个案例研究通过将累积的OP农药剂量当量基于四种化学特异性尿代谢物来解决此问题。本案例研究报告基于从430名孕妇中收集的所有样本的四种MO农药的累积剂量当量估算值，所有这些孕妇的MOE均大于100。由于目前尚无分析几种OP化合物代谢物的方法，因此这些接触量可能被低估了。在萨利纳斯山谷大量使用。为了将这些结果放在上下文中，分析了基于基准剂量模型的23种具有美国EPA参考值的化学品的当前可用风险评估信息，以确定在既定参考剂量（RfDs）和参考浓度（RfCs）下暴露的潜在风险。 24％的参考值对应于大于1,000的估计风险水平，这使人们认为非癌症RfD和RfC值代表暴露的“可接受水平”的假设令人怀疑。这些结果表明，参与研究的妇女中有一小部分CHAMACOS研究可能累积的OP农药暴露量超过健康保护参考值，并且当前的监管参考值可能不足以保护敏感人群。

著录项

  • 作者

    Castorina, Rosemary Gloria.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 138 p.
  • 总页数 138
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号