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首页> 外文学位 >Developmental states and serendipitous outcomes: A comparative study of economic growth, income inequality, and human well being in Mexico and South Korea (Japan).
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Developmental states and serendipitous outcomes: A comparative study of economic growth, income inequality, and human well being in Mexico and South Korea (Japan).

机译：发展状态和意外后果：墨西哥和韩国（日本）的经济增长，收入不平等和人类福祉的比较研究。

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摘要

Mexico and South Korea share many structural features, yet exhibit diverse patterns in income inequality and human well being. Between 1960 and 1990, the South Korean economy grew rapidly, retaining relative equality in income and enhancements in mass well being, while, in Mexico, in spite of impressive rates in economic growth for decades, income inequality remained substantial. The hypothesis of this study is that state autonomy is key to understanding economic and social outcomes in Mexico and South Korea. States that are autonomous from both internal and external coercion have the potential to enact growth-oriented and more equitable policies.; Economic growth and income equality in peripheral countries are contingent upon the state, the internal class structure, and the world economy. Peripheral states that are free from undue pressure from the ruling class and core countries can exercise relative autonomy, and then have the potential to achieve both growth and equality. However, most peripheral countries are like Mexico, which, because they do not enjoy relative autonomy from the ruling class and global capitalism are unable to achieve economic growth and equality mutually.; As a consequence of Japanese colonization, South Korea inherited a strong state and underwent a genuine land reform program, leading to a weak and unorganized agrarian elite, which remained ineffective in challenging state policies. In the 1960s and 1970s, South Korea assumed a crucial political position as a bulwark against international communism in East Asia, which further enhanced state autonomy. Both Japanese colonialism and the Cold War shaped South Korea's political economy.; Mexico, on the other hand, remained vulnerable to both international capitalism and its internal elite class. Though Mexico underwent a long period of revolution, the class structure remained unchanged, and Mexico never attained a level of political and ideological importance to the United States, remaining vulnerable to U.S. economic interests. Unlike the South Korean state, the Mexican state failed to escape internal and external coercion, and was unable to achieve relative autonomy from international capitalism and its internal elite class, and thus was unable to effectively mandate policies that were beneficial for growth and equity.
机译：墨西哥和韩国拥有许多结构特征，但在收入不平等和人类福祉方面表现出多种多样的模式。在1960年至1990年之间，韩国经济迅速增长，保持了收入的相对平等和人民生活的改善，而在墨西哥，尽管几十年来经济增长率令人瞩目，但收入差距仍然很大。这项研究的假设是，国家自治对于理解墨西哥和韩国的经济和社会成果至关重要。不受内部和外部胁迫约束的国家有可能制定以增长为导向和更公平的政策。外围国家的经济增长和收入平等取决于国家，内部阶级结构和世界经济。不受统治阶级和核心国家过度压力的外围国家可以行使相对自主权，然后有可能实现增长和平等。但是，大多数外围国家都像墨西哥一样，由于它们没有统治阶级的相对自治，全球资本主义无法相互实现经济增长和平等。由于日本的殖民统治，韩国继承了一个强大的国家，并进行了真正的土地改革计划，导致了一个软弱无序的农业精英，在挑战国家政策方面仍然无效。在1960年代和1970年代，韩国作为反对东亚国际共产主义的堡垒，占据了至关重要的政治地位，这进一步增强了国家自治。日本的殖民主义和冷战都影响着韩国的政治经济。另一方面，墨西哥仍然容易受到国际资本主义及其内部精英阶层的攻击。尽管墨西哥经历了长期的革命，但阶级结构保持不变，墨西哥从未达到对美国的政治和意识形态重要性，仍然容易受到美国经济利益的影响。与韩国不同，墨西哥州未能逃脱内部和外部的胁迫，无法从国际资本主义及其内部精英阶层获得相对自治，因此无法有效地执行有利于增长和公平的政策。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sharma, Isha.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Massachusetts Amherst.;

  • 授予单位 University of Massachusetts Amherst.;
  • 学科 Sociology Social Structure and Development.; Womens Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 329 p.
  • 总页数 329
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 社会结构和社会关系;社会学;
  • 关键词

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