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A descriptive study of bicycle-riding events: Implications for primary prevention programs, research, and policy.

机译：骑自行车事件的描述性研究：对一级预防计划，研究和政策的影响。

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This research examined events occurring during bicycle riding in relationship to the physical environment, bicycle characteristics, characteristics of the bicyclist, bicycle riding behaviors, and the social context within which bicycle riding occurred. A descriptive design with structured observational methods was used. The Haddon Matrix provided the framework for the observations. In five Midwestern counties, 405 bicyclists were observed. Children less than 10 years of age (43%) and adolescents (31%) comprised the majority of bicyclists. Only 6.9% of children and 5.6% of adolescents wore helmets compared with 43.3% of adults (X2 79.44, ***p ≤ .001). Children and adolescents were more likely to exhibit risky riding behaviors such as stunt riding (X2 49.3, ***p ≤ .001), riding inappropriately in traffic (X2 45.99, ***p ≤ .001), and failing to follow stop signs (X2 29.33, ***p ≤ .001). Children and adolescents were more likely to ride on neighborhood streets rather than bike trails as compared to adults ( X2 149.08, ***p ≤ .001). The larger the group size, the more likely the bicyclists were to ride inappropriately in traffic ( X2 10.92, ***p = .004). Bicyclists engaging in a combination of communication techniques were less likely to follow road signs appropriately (X2 30.06, ***p ≤ .001), wear a bicycle helmet (X2 32.78, ***p ≤ .001), or ride appropriately (X2 44.13, ***p ≤ .001) than those bicyclists who did not interact while riding. Predictors of inappropriate riding activity for children and adolescents riding in groups were age child (OR 3.0), motor vehicle traffic pattern greater than 20 cars per minute (OR 38.8), motor vehicle traffic pattern of 1–10 cars per minute (OR 2.5), and engaging in a combination of social interactions (OR 5.2). Predictors of social interaction were age child (OR 6.2), age adolescent (OR 26.2), leaving school (OR 33.9), riding in groups of 3 (OR 1.8), riding in areas without motor vehicles (OR 18.7) or in areas with 1–10 motor vehicles per minute (OR 27.4). Recommendations for research, primary prevention programs, and health policy were identified.
机译：这项研究检查了自行车骑行过程中发生的事件，这些事件与身体环境，自行车特征，骑车人的特征，自行车骑行行为以及骑自行车发生的社会环境有关。使用具有结构化观察方法的描述性设计。哈登矩阵为观察提供了框架。在中西部的五个县，观察到405名骑自行车的人。小于10岁的儿童（43％）和青少年（31％）是骑自行车的人的大部分。只有6.9％的儿童和5.6％的青少年戴头盔，而成年人则为43.3％（ X 2 79.44，*** p≤.001）。儿童和青少年更有可能表现出危险的骑行行为，例如特技骑行（ X 2 49.3，*** p≤.001），交通不当（ X 2 45.99，*** p≤.001），并且未遵循停车标志（ X 2 29.33， *** p≤.001）。与成人相比，儿童和青少年更有可能在附近的街道而不是自行车道上骑车（ X 2 149.08，*** p≤.001）。团体人数越大，骑自行车的人越可能不恰当地骑车（ X 2 10.92，*** p = .004）。骑自行车者使用多种交流技术时，不太可能正确遵循道路标志（ X 2 30.06，*** p≤.001），戴自行车头盔（< italic> X 2 32.78，*** p≤.001）或适当骑行（ X 2 44.13，** * p≤.001），而不是那些在骑行时没有互动的自行车手。年龄段（OR 3.0），每分钟大于20辆的汽车交通模式（OR 38.8），每分钟1-10辆汽车的交通模式（OR 2.5）的儿童和青少年不适当的骑行活动的预测因素，并进行社交互动（或5.2）。社会交往的预测因素是：儿童（OR 6.2），青少年（OR 26.2），辍学（OR 33.9），3人一组（OR 1.8），没有机动车的区域（OR 18.7）或有以下疾病的区域每分钟1-10辆汽车（或27.4）。确定了研究建议，一级预防计划和卫生政策。

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