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School finance reform litigation: A review and analysis of high court cases.

机译：学校财务改革诉讼：对高等法院案件的审查和分析。

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摘要

School finance litigation has been intended to serve many purposes over the past forty years, including seeking equity and adequacy in school funding. Historically, school finance litigation has been categorized using the three waves categorization which focuses on legal standards used and outcome trends. This project re-categorizes school finance litigation using two sets of criteria, legal standard and school finance concept. The legal standards used in the categorization are state equal protection clause, federal equal protection clause, and state education clause. The financial concepts used in the categorization are horizontal equity, pure vertical equity, vertical equity as adequacy, and pure adequacy. The project provides answers to the following questions via a process of briefing school finance cases that reached a state high court or the United States Supreme Court, and categorizing the cases based on legal standard, financial concept, and if the decision was in favor of school finance reform or against such reform.;Research Questions: (1) What is the history of education finance reform litigation at the high state courts and U.S. Supreme Court levels with regard to the choice of finance concept being applied (horizontal equity, pure vertical equity, vertical equity as adequacy, or adequacy)? (2) Which legal standard was used historically in education reform litigation for each case and how does that connect with finance concept being applied? (3) Which party was successful in each legal decision? (4) Is there historically a most successful combination of finance concept and legal standard for plaintiff success in education finance reform litigation (5) Is there an emerging trend regarding school finance litigation?;The main findings of the study indicate that the most frequently utilized finance concept was that of Horizontal Equity with Vertical Equity as Adequacy following with nearly as many instances of use as Horizontal Equity. Regarding the second research question, the study found that the State Education Clause was by far the most frequently used legal standard historically for school finance litigation cases. The most successful combinations of school finance concept and legal standard were the combination of the State Education Clause and Vertical Equity as Adequacy and the combination of the State Education Clause and Adequacy. The final research question addresses emerging trends in school finance litigation. A historical trend exists toward the use of adequacy as a standard paired with the used of State Education Clauses.
机译：在过去的40年中，学校财务诉讼旨在达到许多目的，包括寻求公平和充足的学校资金。从历史上看，学校财务诉讼使用三波分类法进行分类，这三类法则侧重于所使用的法律标准和结果趋势。该项目使用两套标准（法律标准和学校财务概念）对学校财务诉讼进行了重新分类。在分类中使用的法律标准是州平等保护条款，联邦平等保护条款和州教育条款。分类中使用的财务概念是水平权益，纯垂直权益，足够的垂直权益和纯充分。该项目通过向州高等法院或美国最高法院提起的学校财务案例简介，根据法律标准，财务概念以及是否有利于学校的决定对案例进行分类的过程，为以下问题提供了答案。研究问题：（1）在选择适用的财务概念（水平公平，纯垂直公平）方面，高等州法院和美国最高法院各级教育财务改革诉讼的历史如何？ ，纵向公平是否足够？ （2）历史上在每种情况下在教育改革诉讼中使用哪种法律标准，这与所采用的财务概念有何联系？ （3）哪一方在每个法律决定中均胜诉？ （4）历史上在教育财政改革诉讼中是否有最成功的财务概念与法律标准相结合的原告成功案例（5）在学校金融诉讼中是否有新兴的趋势？；研究的主要结果表明，使用最频繁的法院财务概念是水平权益，即以垂直权益作为充足的权益，其使用实例几乎与水平权益相同。关于第二个研究问题，研究发现，国家教育条款是迄今为止学校金融诉讼案件中最常用的法律标准。学校财务概念和法律标准最成功的组合是州教育条款和纵向公平即充分性相结合以及州教育条款和充分性相结合。最后的研究问题解决了学校财务诉讼中的新兴趋势。将充分性作为使用国家教育条款的标准与标准存在着历史趋势。

著录项

  • 作者

    Barger, Christiana M.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Kansas.;

  • 授予单位 University of Kansas.;
  • 学科 Education Finance.;Law.
  • 学位 Ed.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 202 p.
  • 总页数 202
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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