• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Water, rural livelihoods and global transformations: Geographies of peri-urban areas in Mexico.
【24h】

Water, rural livelihoods and global transformations: Geographies of peri-urban areas in Mexico.

机译：水，农村生计和全球转型：墨西哥城郊地区的地理位置。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The population in developing-country cities is expected to double in the next thirty years. In Mexico, urban population is projected to increase by around 25 percent in the next 20 years. Peri-urban areas have long been a source of food, natural resources, and labor to sustain growing cities. The urban/peri-urban phenomenon is frequently studied as a territorial landscape for urban expansion, and a good deal of scholarship chronicles aspects of land annexation, housing construction, and infrastructure. But the question of how peri-urban water resources have been reallocated to serve urban needs has not received sufficient scholarly attention. Peri-urban water reallocation demands examination in arid regions where water is a critical resource. Mexico's northwest region represents one of the most critical examples; the most-drought prone region in Mexico, it is characterized by over-drafted groundwater sources and rapid urban growth. In this research, I develop three distinct, yet related themes to examine the peri-urban phenomenon. The studies are based on research in the peri-urban and urban areas of Hermosillo, the capital city of Sonora, in northwest Mexico. Sonora borders the U.S. state of Arizona along a 390-mile length.;First, this work draws on the notion of the "hydrosocial cycle" (Swyngedouw, 2004) to examine geographies of power at the urban-rural interface. Following Swyngedouw, we argue that urban water augmentation strategies reveal a distinct set of urban-rural relations of uneven social power where peri-urban water resources are "metabolized" in urban areas, reflecting the demands of powerful, politically connected urban individuals and populations over more disparate and marginalized rural producers. The Hermosillo case indicates that small-scale farming communities or ejidos are the most vulnerable water users because of their lack of political power in the governmental decision making process. This research demonstrates how small farmers are losing access to their water resources via intensive processes of urbanization, while large-scale, politically-connected irrigators have successfully resisted efforts to metabolize their water to serve urban growth.;Second, although a considerable number of studies examine how livelihoods are affecting natural resources, particularly in rural forest-dependent communities in Latin America, few studies have examined how the transfer of natural resources from the peri-urban to urban areas affects peri-urban livelihoods. In this work, I examine how peri-urban rural livelihoods have been reshaped by cities' water reallocation causing ejidatarios in many cases to lose their livelihoods, but without creating new urban jobs as an alternative means of subsistence, resulting in a net negative outcome for ejido members.;Finally, this research evaluates the land use/cover change dynamics and their effects in the peri-urban area of the city of Hermosillo. This study demonstrates that urban expansion causes at least two other types of land use/cover changes (LUCC) beyond the urban fringe that are not usually considered in LUCC studies. First, the study documents the loss of agricultural land due to water transfers from peri-urban communities to the city and, second, it provides evidence for the transformation of grazing lands to recreational ranchettes (known as lotes campestres) acquired by urban families. The research demonstrates that urban expansion in the peri-urban land is a broader and more complex phenomenon than previously understood and examines how water transfers act as a driver of land use/cover change.
机译：未来30年，发展中国家城市的人口预计将增加一倍。在墨西哥，预计未来20年城市人口将增加25％。长期以来，城市外围地区一直是粮食，自然资源和劳动力的来源，以维持不断发展的城市。人们经常将城市/城郊现象作为城市扩张的领土景观进行研究，并且大量的奖学金记载了土地吞并，住房建设和基础设施等方面的情况。但是，如何将近郊水资源重新分配以满足城市需求这一问题尚未引起学者的足够重视。城郊水的重新分配需要在水是关键资源的干旱地区进行检查。墨西哥的西北地区是最关键的例子之一。它是墨西哥最容易干旱的地区，其特征是地下水源过度透支和城市快速增长。在这项研究中，我提出了三个截然不同但相关的主题来研究城市周边现象。这些研究是基于对墨西哥西北部索诺拉州首府赫莫西约市郊区和市区的研究。索诺拉（Sonora）与美国亚利桑那州（Arizona）相邻，全长390英里。首先，这项工作借鉴了“水社会循环”的概念（Swyngedouw，2004年），研究了城乡交界处的权力地理。继Swyngedouw之后，我们认为城市增水策略揭示了社会力量不平衡的一组独特的城乡关系，在城市中，郊区的水资源被“代谢”，这反映了强大的，政治上有联系的城市个人和人口的需求。更加分散和边缘化的农村生产者。 Hermosillo案表明，小规模的农业社区或ejidos是最脆弱的用水户，因为他们在政府决策过程中缺乏政治权力。这项研究表明，小农如何通过集约化的城市化进程而失去了水资源的利用，而大规模的，具有政治联系的灌溉者却成功地抵制了为促进城市发展而代谢其水的努力。第二，尽管有大量研究由于研究了生计如何影响自然资源，特别是在拉丁美洲农村依赖森林的社区，很少有研究研究自然资源从城市周边到城市的转移如何影响城市周边的生计。在这项工作中，我研究了城市的水分配如何重塑了城郊农村的生计，这在许多情况下导致ejidatarios失去了生计，但没有创造新的城市就业机会作为维持生计的替代手段，从而导致净净结果ejido成员。最后，本研究评估了Hermosillo市周边地区的土地利用/覆盖变化动态及其影响。这项研究表明，城市扩张除了引起城市边缘以外的其他至少两种土地利用/覆盖变化（LUCC），这在LUCC研究中通常没有考虑。首先，该研究记录了由于水从城市周边社区转移到城市而造成的农业用地损失，其次，它提供了将牧场从牧场转变为城市家庭购得的休闲小牧场的证据。该研究表明，城郊地区的城市扩张是一种比以前理解的更为广泛和复杂的现象，并研究了水的转移如何驱动土地利用/覆盖变化。

著录项

  • 作者

    Diaz Caravantes, Rolando Enrique.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Arizona.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Arizona.;
  • 学科 Geography.;Latin American Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 174 p.
  • 总页数 174
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号