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Plant biodiversity impacts on arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi.

机译：植物生物多样性对丛枝菌根真菌的影响。

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The effect of increasing plant diversity (1, 2, 8, or 16-species) of tallgrass prairie species on the associated arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities was assessed as part of a larger biodiversity experiment at the Cedar Creek Long Term Ecological Research site at East Bethel, Minnesota, from 1997–1999.; Spore density in 16-species plots was 30 to 150% greater than in monocultures, and total spore volumes of 16-species plots were 40 to 70% greater than in monocultures. Plant diversity was a better predictor than plant cover of spore numbers, especially as cover increased over the three years. Sporulation by larger-spored, but not smaller-spored AMF species increased consistently with increasing plant diversity. Spore numbers of several AMF species were consistently correlated with the percent cover of several legumes and C4 grasses. Despite low (0 to 1.98 mg/kg) soil nitrate concentrations, correlations between spore production by individual AMF species and soil nitrate ranged from non-significant to consistently negative, demonstrating the sensitivity of these species to nitrate.; Fabric strips were used to trap glomalin, a unique glycoprotein produced by AMF hyphae that serves as an indicator of hyphal growth. Monocultures had consistently lower production of glomalin compared to higher diversity plots. Glomalin levels were more closely correlated with plant diversity than with percent plant cover. Mycorrhizal infection potentials of monocultures were also lower compared with more diverse plots in 1998 and 1999. Infectivity was positively correlated with spore production, but not with glomalin or plant cover.; Increasing source-plot plant diversity caused significant increased ability of the associated mycorrhizae to enhance growth of Lespedeza capitata , but not of Schizachyrium scoparium or Liatris aspera. Plots containing Lespedeza and Liatris had increased AMF species richness and spore numbers with increased plant diversity; this was not true in plots with Schizachyrium . Inoculum from Schizachyrium monocultures led to increased growth of both Schizachyrium and Lespedeza compared with soil from Lespedeza monocultures.
机译：雪松溪长期生态研究的一项更大的生物多样性实验的一部分，评估了高草草原物种增加植物多样性（1、2、8，或16种）对相关的丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）群落的影响。 1997年至1999年在明尼苏达州东伯特利的工厂。 16种样地的孢子密度比单培养高30％至150％，16种样地的总孢子体积比单培养高40％至70％。与孢子数量的植物覆盖率相比，植物多样性是更好的预测指标，尤其是随着覆盖率在三年内增加。随着植物多样性的增加，大孢子但非小孢子的AMF物种的孢子形成持续增加。几种AMF种类的孢子数量与几种豆类和C 4 草的覆盖率始终相关。尽管土壤硝酸盐浓度较低（0至1.98 mg / kg），但单个AMF物种的孢子产量与土壤硝酸盐之间的相关性从不显着到始终为负，表明这些物种对硝酸盐的敏感性。织物条用于捕获gloomalin，glomalin是AMF菌丝产生的独特糖蛋白，可作为菌丝生长的指示。与较高的多样性地块相比，单一栽培的gloomalin产量一直较低。 glomalin水平与植物多样性比与植物覆盖百分率更紧密相关。与1998年和1999年的更多样地相比，单一栽培的菌根感染潜力也更低。传染性与孢子产生呈正相关，但与gloomalin或植物覆盖率无正相关。源地植物多样性的增加引起相关菌根菌增强 Lespedeza capitata 的生长的能力显着增强，但 Schizachyrium scoparium 或 Liatris aspera 的生长却没有。 。包含 Lespedeza 和 Liatris 的地块具有增加的AMF物种丰富度和孢子数量，并具有更多的植物多样性。在使用 Schizachyrium 的地块中情况并非如此。与 Lespedeza 单一文化的土壤相比， Schizachyrium 单一文化的接种物导致 Schizachyrium 和 Lespedeza 的生长均增加。

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