• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Culture and climate: The role of human impact and other forcing factors in the development of forest structure and composition in the mid- to late Holocene of Central Europe (Germany).
【24h】

Culture and climate: The role of human impact and other forcing factors in the development of forest structure and composition in the mid- to late Holocene of Central Europe (Germany).

机译：文化与气候：中欧全新世中期至晚期（德国），人类影响及其他强迫因素在森林结构和组成发展中的作用。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Palaeoecology provides an opportunity to examine the interaction of human impact and climatic change on the forest composition and cover of European forests over time. Sediment cores retrieved from four lake and fen sites on the Eggstätt-Hemhofer Seenplatte (EHS), in southern Bavaria, Germany, were analyzed to reconstruct the vegetation history of the region since the late glacial. The sampling locations were sited near archaeological settlements dating from the late Neolithic.; The results of my investigation suggest that humans left their mark on the landscape, but the size of forest clearances and species composition attributed to human activity cannot be established from pollen studies alone. I identify complexes of factors—climatic change, human decision making and economic behavior, and forest ecology—and discuss how they interact to produce changes in forest composition and vegetation over time. In addition, major theoretical shifts in the fields of archaeology, ecology, and palaeoclimatology need to be integrated into models that relate pollen data to human behavior: archaeological documentation of gradual economic transitions during the Neolithic, evidence for a variable Holocene climate, and recognition of the importance of past history and catastrophic events in forest development necessitate a reevaluation of some of the assumptions used to reconstruct human land-use intensity from pollen diagrams.; Based on an examination of the European and global lake records as well as pollen data from temperate Central Europe, I argue for a shift in moisture balance coinciding with the late Neolithic—early Bronze Age transition. The apparent synchroneity of a climatic shift around 4000 BP and archaeological evidence of an intensified rate of change in human subsistence, settlement, and innovation is not coincidental. Cultural practices and environmental forcing interact: it is traces of this dynamic that are preserved in the record of landscape change.
机译：古生态学为研究人类影响和气候变化随时间推移对欧洲森林组成和覆盖率的相互作用提供了机会。分析了从德国南部巴伐利亚Eggstätt-HemhoferSeenplatte（EHS）的四个湖泊和站点取回的沉积物芯，以重建该地区自冰川晚期以来的植被历史。采样地点位于新石器时代晚期的考古定居点附近。我的调查结果表明，人类在景观上留下了自己的印记，但是仅凭花粉研究无法确定归因于人类活动的森林砍伐面积和物种组成。我确定了复杂的因素-气候变化，人类决策和经济行为以及森林生态-并讨论了它们如何相互作用以随着时间的推移产生森林组成和植被的变化。此外，考古，生态学和古气候学领域的重大理论转变需要整合到将花粉数据与人类行为联系起来的模型中：新石器时代的逐步经济转型的考古文献，全新世气候的证据以及对过去的历史和灾难性事件在森林发展中的重要性，需要重新评估从花粉图重建人类土地利用强度的一些假设。基于对欧洲和全球湖泊记录以及中温带中部花粉数据的研究，我认为水分平衡的变化与新石器时代晚期至青铜时代的早期转变相吻合。大约4000 BP的气候变化与人类生存，定居和创新的变化速度不断加快的考古证据显然是同步的，这并非巧合。文化实践和环境强迫相互作用：景观变化记录中保留了这种动态的痕迹。

著录项

  • 作者

    Low, Russanne Dorothy.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Minnesota.;

  • 授予单位 University of Minnesota.;
  • 学科 Anthropology Archaeology.; Paleoecology.; Palynology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2001
  • 页码 388 p.
  • 总页数 388
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 古人类学;古生物学;植物形态学;
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号