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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Impact of the Environment on Human Migration in Eurasia >MID TO LATE HOLOCENE CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH CENTRAL SIBERIA
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MID TO LATE HOLOCENE CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH CENTRAL SIBERIA

机译：全新世气候变化中期及其对西伯利亚中部文化发展的影响

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The emergence and the cultural blooming of the Scythian cultures in the steppe of South Central Siberia occurred from the 9th century BC (ca. 2700 cal yr BP), much earlier than in the western part of Eurasia. To understand a possible climatic cause of this cultural phenomenon, we have studied sediment cores from the Kutuzhekovo Lake in the Minusinsk depression (Southern Siberia) and the White Lake in the Uyuk depression (Tuva, Central Asia). Both pollen records indicated an arid climate during the mid-Holocene up to ca. 4 kyr BP; increased moisture but still predominantly dry conditions at 4-3 kyr BP interval; a sudden change to more-humid-than-present climate in relatively cold conditions since ca. 3 kyr BP, and a return to drier/warmer climate after ca. 1.6 kyr BP. The reconstructed climate changes correlate well with cultural changes reported for both depressions. The scarcity of Mesolithic-Neolithic (10-5 ka) findings there is in good agreement with the mid-Holocene aridity, which did not provide favorable living conditions for the ancient tribes. By contrast, wet climate establishment since ca. 3 kyr BP corresponds to the Scythian cultures expansion to the Asian steppe which started in the 9th century BC. The data obtained suggest the close relationship between climatic and cultural changes within these arid areas. We conjecture that increased effective moisture balance changed initially arid areas into attractive steppe with a higher biomass production which may have launched the cultural development and blooming of the Scythian cultures.
机译：Scythian文化在南部中部西伯利亚的Scythian文化的出现和文化盛开于9世纪的公元前9世纪（约2700年CA.CAL YR BP），比欧亚大陆的西部更早。为了了解这种文化现象的可能性气候原因，我们研究了来自Minusksk Despression（Southern Siberia）和Uyuk Despression（Tuva，中亚）的白湖中的Kutuzhekovo湖的沉积核心。这两个花粉记录都表示在全新世时期至CA的干旱气候。 4 kyr bp;增加了水分但仍然主要是在4-3 kyr bp间隔的干燥条件;自加利福尼亚州以来在相对寒冷的条件下突然改变更加潮湿的气候。 3 KYR BP，并在CA之后返回干燥器/暖和气候。 1.6 kyr bp。重建的气候变化与对萧条报告的文化变化相相关。星际新石器时代（10-5 kA）调查结果的稀缺性与中东干燥的中期干旱很好，这对古代部落没有提供有利的生活条件。相比之下，自加利福尼亚州以来的湿气候建立。 3 Kyr BP对应于亚洲的亚洲草原扩张，始于公元前9世纪。所获得的数据表明，这些干旱地区内的气候和文化变化之间的密切关系。我们推测，提高有效的水分平衡最初发生干旱地区，以较高的生物质生产，可能已经推出了斯中斯文文化的文化发展和盛开。

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