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Dynamics and sustainability of the inner Mongolia typical steppe: Ecosystem responses to grazing and climate.

机译：内蒙古典型草原的动态与可持续性：生态系统对放牧和气候的反应。

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摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine interactions of historic, present, and future climate patterns, vegetation patterns, and grazing practices to better comprehend and predict the sustainability and resilience of the Mongolian steppe grassland ecosystem. This study will utilize SAVANNA (a dynamic, spatially extensive ecosystem model) to understand, interpret, and predict how future grazing, soils, vegetation, and climate patterns interact to affect ecosystem sustainability and resilience.; Field results suggest that production of these grasslands has declined with increased grazing intensity. This information was incorporated in the model structure to examine future stability and resilience of this vegetation system. This analysis also used Savanna to simulate both vegetation and livestock production, which gave further insight into potential effects management, climate, and grazing on the sustainability of grassland systems.; Simulations that examined the effects of livestock density on vegetation showed a moderate level of grazing (∼50% of vegetation removed) was sustainable for this particular system. This region was resilient to light and moderate levels of grazing; however, higher grazing intensities, in combination with low precipitation events, resulted in decreased herbaceous net primary production and increased shrub net primary production. Once initiated, these patterns continued even by an after-the-fact removal of grazing from this region.; When predicted climate change scenarios were utilized in model simulations, results showed this grazing system was most sensitive to changes in precipitation patterns; however combinations of precipitation, temperature, and CO 2 had synergistic effects on herbaceous production. Greater increases in temperature put a larger stress on the sustainability of herbaceous vegetation, which resulted in unsustainable herbaceous biomass-alleviated only by a reduction in grazing intensity. Only increased precipitation, CO2, or the combination of the two lessened the effects of a large increase in temperature. Simulations with climate change indicate that grazing increases the vulnerability of sustainable grassland systems to climate change. Therefore management must change grazing rates when net primary production is decreased to maintain grassland sustainability.
机译：这项研究的目的是研究历史，现在和将来的气候模式，植被模式和放牧方式之间的相互作用，以更好地理解和预测蒙古草原草原生态系统的可持续性和复原力。这项研究将利用SAVANNA（动态的，空间上广泛的生态系统模型）来理解，解释和预测未来的放牧，土壤，植被和气候模式如何相互作用以影响生态系统的可持续性和复原力。田间结果表明，这些草地的产量随着放牧强度的增加而下降。该信息已纳入模型结构中，以检查该植被系统的未来稳定性和弹性。该分析还使用Savanna来模拟植被和畜牧生产，从而进一步了解了潜在影响管理，气候和放牧对草地系统可持续性的影响。检验牲畜密度对植被影响的模拟表明，该特定系统具有适度的放牧水平（约去除植被的50％）。该地区对轻度和中度放牧水平具有弹性。然而，较高的放牧强度和较低的降水事件导致草本净初级生产力下降，灌木净初级生产力增加。一旦开始，即使从该地区事后清除放牧，这些模式仍继续。当在模型模拟中使用预测的气候变化情景时，结果表明该放牧系统对降水模式的变化最为敏感；然而，降水，温度和CO 2的组合对草本植物的生产具有协同作用。温度的升高幅度更大，使草本植物的可持续性受到更大的压力，这导致不可持续的草本生物量只能通过降低放牧强度来缓解。只有增加的降水量，CO 2或两者的结合才减少了温度大幅升高的影响。气候变化的模拟表明，放牧增加了可持续草地系统对气候变化的脆弱性。因此，当初级净产量减少时，管理层必须改变放牧率，以维持草地的可持续性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Christensen, Lindsey.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2001
  • 页码 138 p.
  • 总页数 138
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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