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What community characteristics lead to the successful outcome of rural water projects?

机译：哪些社区特征导致农村水利工程取得成功？

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摘要

Programs to provide clean water have been shown to lead to improvements in education, health and women's economic conditions in beneficiary communities in the developing world. However, methods to ensure the sustainability of rural water supplies have been elusive. Handpumps in rural communities break down frequently; over 50 percent of handpumps in sub-Saharan Africa are unusable at any time, causing the people to go back to their traditional water sources of streams, ponds and shallow wells with their attendant health risks and inconvenience. These repeated failures have led development practitioners and funding agencies like the European Union to question the effectiveness of rural water supply programs. Clearly, there is a need to determine how to make rural water projects more sustainable. In this study, I posit that sustainable water projects are a function of five categories of variables: demonstrated ability to manage local projects, financial management of local projects, voluntary participation in community projects, an active role of women within the community, and widespread understanding of the benefits of clean water.;This study addresses gaps in research within the rural water supply sector by examining multiple factors that influence the outcomes of rural water supply projects, rather than focusing on single variables as done in previous studies. I used interviews, focus group discussions, and analysis of village records to determine if these variables influenced the status of water projects in eight villages in Ghana. I found that all of these variables play a role in successful community water projects. It takes efficient leadership to formulate and implement effective rules; an engaged, responsible citizenry who appreciate the importance of clean water to ensure compliance; efficient financial management to afford the cost of routine maintenance, and active women's participation in managing the facility. The latter should include training women to conduct routine maintenance and repair simple faults. This ensures that women, who have the highest stake in a convenient source of clean water, have a direct role in its maintenance. The presence of a strong monitoring system and the availability of timely technical support were also crucial in ensuring successful water projects. These findings demonstrate that while the infrastructure of community water supplies is important, the presence of a strong management system is as vital to their long-term success. This highlights the need to invest in both infrastructure and management of rural water supply projects.
机译：事实证明，提供清洁水的计划可以改善发展中国家受益社区的教育，保健和妇女的经济状况。但是，确保农村供水可持续性的方法难以捉摸。农村社区的手泵经常出现故障；撒哈拉以南非洲地区有超过50％的手动泵在任何时候都无法使用，这导致人们回到传统水源，溪流，池塘和浅井中，伴随着健康风险和不便。这些反复的失败使发展实践者和像欧盟这样的资助机构对农村供水计划的有效性提出了质疑。显然，有必要确定如何使农村水利项目更具可持续性。在这项研究中，我认为可持续水项目是五类变量的函数：显示出的管理地方项目的能力，地方项目的财务管理，自愿参与社区项目，妇女在社区中的积极作用以及广泛的理解本研究通过研究影响农村供水项目成果的多个因素，而不是像以前的研究那样关注单一变量，从而解决了农村供水领域研究的空白。我使用访谈，焦点小组讨论和对村庄记录的分析来确定这些变量是否影响了加纳八个村庄的水利工程状况。我发现所有这些变量都在成功的社区水项目中发挥了作用。需要有效的领导才能制定和执行有效的规则；一个敬业，负责任的公民，他们赞赏清洁水对确保合规的重要性；有效的财务管理，以支付日常维护费用，并让女性积极参与设施管理。后者应包括培训妇女进行日常维护和修理简单故障。这确保了在便利的清洁水源中具有最高利益的妇女在维护水源方面具有直接作用。强大的监控系统和及时的技术支持对于确保成功的水利项目也至关重要。这些发现表明，尽管社区供水的基础设施很重要，但强大的管理系统的存在对其长期成功至关重要。这凸显了对基础设施和农村供水项目管理进行投资的必要性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sam, Josephine-Mary.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Alaska Fairbanks.;

  • 授予单位 University of Alaska Fairbanks.;
  • 学科 Natural resource management.;Womens studies.;Water resources management.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 234 p.
  • 总页数 234
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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