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A monograph on the Diphyllidea (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda).

机译：关于双旋花的专着（侧柏：Cestoda）。

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摘要

The main objective of this monograph was a synthesis of the available knowledge on the diversity, systematics, host associations and biogeography of the Diphyllidea. A thorough review of the literature resulted in the transfer of Diagonobothrium Shipley and Hornell, 1906 into Diphyllidea as a genus inquirendum. The genus Yogeshwaria Chincholikar and Shinde, 1976 was also transferred to Diphyllidea as a synonym of Echinobothrium. Its only species, E. nagabhushani n. comb. is considered a species inquirenda. New collections resulted in the description of a new species of Echinobothrium . Type and/or voucher specimens for 31 of 36 valid diphyllidean species (including the new species)were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. All 31 species examined were redescribed and figured. This work resulted in the elucidation of 67 morphological characters which were employed in cladistic analyses involving 34 diphyllidean and seven outgroup species. Outgroups included species belonging to the orders Tetraphyllidea, Pseudophyllidea, and Trypanorhyncha. Several phylogenetic analyses were performed using various data partitions. A 20% exclusion rule was applied to both taxa and characters. All characters were treated as unweighted and unordered. Maximum parsimony was the optimality criterion used in all analyses.; The most parsimonious trees resulting from these analyses support Ditrachybothridiuln Rees, 1959 as a monophyletic taxon. All three species formerly assigned to Macrobothridium Khalil and Abdul-Salam, 1989 appeared among species of Echinobothrium. Thus, Echinobothrium is paraphyletic if Macrobothridium is excluded. As a consequence, Macrobothridium is synonymized with Echinobothrium, and its constituent species transferred into the latter genus. The trees obtained from these analyses failed to recover any of the topology of the only previously published phylogeny of the order. Constraining the tree resulting from this study into the topology of the previously published tree resulted in substantially longer tree length.; A comparison of the tree of the phylogenetic relationships among the diphyllideans with a composite tree of the relationships among batoid genera known to host Echinobothrium suggests that strict coevolution between the elasmobranchs and their diphyllidean tapeworms is unlikely to have occurred. However, because the sampling of potential elasmobranch hosts has not been comprehensive, this conclusion is considered preliminary.
机译：该专着的主要目的是对Diphyllidea的多样性，系统性，寄主联系和生物地理学方面的现有知识进行综合。对文献的彻底审查导致Diagonobothrium Shipley和Hornell（1906年）作为探询属转移到Diphyllidea中。 1976年Yogeshwaria Chincholikar和Shinde属也被作为Echinobothrium的同义词转移到Diphyllidea。其唯一的物种，E。nagabhushani。梳子。被认为是一个物种调查。新的收集导致了对棘bo虫的新物种的描述。使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜检查了36种有效的双核生物物种（包括新物种）中31种的类型和/或优惠券标本。重新描述了所有31种被检查的物种并进行了计算。这项工作导致阐明了67种形态特征，这些形态特征被用于涉及34种双鞘脂和7种外群物种的分类分析中。外群包括属于四叶目，假叶目和锥虫目的物种。使用各种数据分区进行了几种系统发育分析。将20％排除规则应用于分类单元和字符。所有字符均视为未加权和无序。最大简约性是所有分析中使用的最佳标准。通过这些分析得出的最简约的树木支持Ditrachybothridiuln Rees，1959年作为单系统分类群。 1989年以前被归为哈里勒大肉th和阿卜杜勒-萨拉姆的所有三个物种均出现在棘孢bo虫的物种中。因此，如果排除巨bo虫，棘皮is是寄生虫。结果，Macrobothridium与棘孢bo虫（Echinobothrium）同义，其组成物种转移到后者。从这些分析中获得的树木无法恢复该顺序的唯一先前发布的系统发育学的任何拓扑。将本研究产生的树约束到先前发布的树的拓扑结构中，导致树的长度明显更长。将双壳类动物之间的亲缘关系树与已知宿主棘皮bo虫的蝙蝠类属之间的关系的复合树进行比较表明，弹性分支与它们的双壳类tape虫之间不可能发生严格的共进化。但是，由于对潜在的弹性支流宿主的采样尚不全面，因此该结论被认为是初步的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tyler, Gaines Albert, II.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Connecticut.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Connecticut.;
  • 学科 Biology Zoology.; Biology Molecular.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2001
  • 页码 390 p.
  • 总页数 390
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 动物学;分子遗传学;
  • 关键词

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