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首页> 外文学位 >The Role of Local Activity of the Nucleus Accumbens in Reward: Interneurons and Gamma Oscillations.
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The Role of Local Activity of the Nucleus Accumbens in Reward: Interneurons and Gamma Oscillations.

机译：伏隔核的局部活动在奖励中的作用：中间神经元和伽马振荡。

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摘要

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a brain structure essential for an animal's ability to adapt its behavior and choices to changes in its surrounding environment. It receives convergent information from many brain regions about environmental stimuli and internal drives and integrates this information to function as a gatekeeper to the basal ganglia. Numerous classes of interneurons and local processes modulate the afferent inputs and contribute to the ultimate summation of this information, which is then relayed to the basal ganglia by medium spiny neurons. In this dissertation, we investigated the role of cholinergic interneurons (CINs) of the nucleus accumbens, and how they interact with dopaminergic (DA) terminals from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to alter DA release, as well as the role of gamma-frequency local field potentials in reward behaviors. Using genetically targeted optical excitation of CINs in ChAT-Cre mice in combination with adenoassociated viral vectors containing a double-floxed open reading frame Channelrhodopsin gene, we recorded DA release using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) in anesthetized mice. We found that CINs can directly evoke DA release in the accumbens without coincident stimulation of DA terminals. We then tested if optical stimulation of CINs would produce similar reinforcing effects to pharmacological manipulation of DA in behaving mice, using place preference paradigms. However, no significant reinforcing effects of accumbal CIN stimulation were observed under our experimental conditions. We concluded that CIN-stimulation is not reinforcing. Next, we investigated the role of accumbal low and high gamma oscillations during food-reward operant tasks. We found differential activity of low and high gamma bands associated with different aspects of reward. Specifically, we find a representation of reward value in low gamma, as well as a representation of reward prediction error in high gamma. We conclude that high and low gamma oscillations accompany reward pursuit in mice during operant tasks, and that they exhibit distinct activity patterns to different aspects of reward.
机译：伏伏伏隔核（NAc）是一种大脑结构，对于动物适应其行为和选择以适应其周围环境变化的能力至关重要。它从许多大脑区域接收有关环境刺激和内部驱动器的收敛信息，并将这些信息整合起来，充当基底神经节的关守。多种类型的中间神经元和局部过程调节传入的输入，并有助于该信息的最终求和，然后这些信息通过中等多刺的神经元传递至基底神经节。在本文中，我们研究了伏隔核的胆碱能中间神经元（CIN）的作用，以及它们如何与腹侧被盖区（VTA）的多巴胺能（DA）末端相互作用以改变DA的释放，以及γ-奖励行为中的频率局部场电位。使用ChAT-Cre小鼠中CIN的遗传靶向光激发与包含双股开放阅读框Channelrhodopsin基因的腺相关病毒载体结合，我们使用快速扫描循环伏安法（FSCV）在麻醉小鼠中记录了DA释放。我们发现，CIN可以直接引起伏隔中的DA释放，而不会同时刺激DA末端。然后，我们使用位置偏爱范式测试了CIN的光刺激是否会产生与行为小鼠中DA的药理操作相似的增强作用。但是，在我们的实验条件下，未观察到CIN刺激的明显增强作用。我们得出的结论是，CIN刺激并没有增强。接下来，我们研究了在食物奖励操作任务过程中，高低伽玛振荡的剧烈作用。我们发现低和高伽玛谱带的不同活动与奖励的不同方面相关。具体而言，我们发现低伽玛值的奖励值表示形式以及高伽玛值的奖励预测误差表示形式。我们得出结论，在任务执行过程中，老鼠的奖励追求伴随着高伽玛振动和低伽玛振动，并且它们对奖励的不同方面表现出不同的活动模式。

著录项

  • 作者

    Irving, James M.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Maryland, Baltimore.;

  • 授予单位 University of Maryland, Baltimore.;
  • 学科 Neurosciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 156 p.
  • 总页数 156
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 地球物理学;
  • 关键词

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