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Seismically-Induced Rock-Slope Failure: Numerical Investigations using the Bonded Particle Model.

机译：地震诱发的岩质边坡破坏：使用粘结颗粒模型的数值研究。

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摘要

Seismically-induced rock-slope failures have caused the deaths of tens of thousands of people and economic losses in the billions over the last century. They are among the most common, dangerous, and still today, least understood of all seismic hazards. This research aims to further the understanding of seismically-induced rock-slope failure by studying the initiation and growth of fractures in rock-slopes during seismic loading. The Bonded Particle Model, which is commonly used in the static simulation of complex rock mechanics applications, is extended for use in fully-dynamic 2-dimensional simulation of rock-slopes. Using this model, the influence of ground motion characteristics and structural geology on the behavior and performance of rock-slopes during earthquakes is explored. The results show that dynamic stresses that develop within rock-slopes make the face of the slope particularly susceptible to damage. As damage accumulates in rock-slopes during dynamic loading, slopes can soften and become more sensitive to lower frequency input. Loading amplitude and frequency have a substantial impact on the seismic performance of rock-slopes, and this impact is highly dependent on the internal geologic structure of the rock-slope. The model results are consistent with observations of several historical earthquake-induced rock-slope failure events, and provide insight into the fundamental mechanisms behind seismically-induced rock-slope failures.
机译：在上个世纪，地震引起的岩石斜坡破坏已造成成千上万人的死亡和数十亿的经济损失。在所有地震危害中，它们是最常见，最危险，直到今天仍然了解最少的。这项研究的目的是通过研究地震荷载作用下岩石边坡的破裂的发生和发展，进一步了解地震引起的岩石边坡破坏。通常在复杂岩石力学应用程序的静态仿真中使用的“键合粒子模型”已扩展为可用于岩石边坡的全动态二维仿真。利用该模型，研究了地震过程中地震动特征和结构地质对岩质边坡行为和性能的影响。结果表明，在岩石斜坡内产生的动应力使斜坡表面特别容易受到破坏。在动态载荷过程中，由于破坏累积在岩石斜坡上，斜坡会变软并对低频输入变得更加敏感。加载振幅和频率对岩质边坡的抗震性能有很大影响，而这种影响高度取决于岩质边坡的内部地质结构。该模型的结果与对几个历史地震诱发的岩石-边坡破坏事件的观察一致，并提供了对地震诱发的岩石-边坡破坏背后的基本机制的认识。

著录项

  • 作者

    Arnold, Lorne.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Washington.;

  • 授予单位 University of Washington.;
  • 学科 Civil engineering.;Geological engineering.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 601 p.
  • 总页数 601
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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