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首页> 外文学位 >Scale-dependent contributions of abiotic and biotic factors to tree species composition patterns in the US Rocky Mountains.
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Scale-dependent contributions of abiotic and biotic factors to tree species composition patterns in the US Rocky Mountains.

机译：非生物和生物因子对美国洛矶山脉树木组成模式的尺度依赖性贡献。

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摘要

Scale-dependence is recognized as a ubiquitous feature of ecological systems. Ecologists have traditionally hypothesized a hierarchy of factors affecting the composition of ecological communities, with biotic interactions exerting a dominant influence at fine spatial scales, and abiotic factors such as climate driving patterns at broad spatial scales. However, the role of biotic interactions at macroecological scales has been increasingly questioned, with many ecologists hypothesizing that biotic interactions may have discernable effects on species distributions. Here, I evaluate the relative effects of climate and species interactions on composition patterns of tree species in the US Rocky Mountains. At fine spatial scales, I model the radial growth of trees along montane ecotones and evaluate sensitivity to temperature, precipitation, and interspecific competition. Climate has an overwhelming influence on radial growth of all species, and interactions among co-occurring tree species appear to be weak. Scaling the effects of biotic interactions to macroecological scales presents a complex statistical challenge, and I demonstrate that commonly used community-level models are an inappropriate technique, as they average species responses and fail to accurately reproduce co-occurrence patterns. As an alternative to community-level models, I use a novel Joint Species Distribution Modeling approach to demonstrate that the co-occurrence patterns of Rocky Mountain trees are overwhelmingly explained by climate, with little influence of interactions among tree species. I review evidence for the factors shaping North American tree species distributions and argue that species interactions may fail to affect macroecological patterns among Rocky Mountain tree species due to a historical legacy that has promoted strong responses to climate. Current tree distributions predominantly reflect the influences of climate with a likely influence of human land use.
机译：尺度依赖性被认为是生态系统的普遍特征。传统上，生态学家假设影响生态群落组成的因素是分层的，生物相互作用在精细的空间尺度上起主要作用，而非生物因素例如在广泛的空间尺度上的气候驱动模式起主要作用。然而，越来越多的人质疑生物相互作用在宏观生态学上的作用，许多生态学家认为生物相互作用可能对物种分布具有明显的影响。在这里，我评估了气候和物种相互作用对美国落基山脉树木物种组成模式的相对影响。在精细的空间尺度上，我对沿山地过渡带的树木的径向生长建模，并评估其对温度，降水和种间竞争的敏感性。气候对所有物种的径向生长具有压倒性的影响，并且同时存在的树种之间的相互作用似乎很弱。将生物相互作用的影响缩放到宏观生态规模提出了一个复杂的统计挑战，我证明了常用的社区级模型是不合适的技术，因为它们会平均物种响应并且无法准确地重现共现模式。作为社区级模型的替代方法，我使用一种新颖的“联合物种分布建模”方法来证明落基山树木的共现模式主要由气候解释，而树木之间相互作用的影响很小。我回顾了影响北美树种分布的因素的证据，并认为由于历史遗产促进了对气候的强烈反应，物种相互作用可能无法影响落基山树种之间的宏观生态格局。当前的树木分布主要反映了气候的影响以及对人类土地利用的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Parry, Paige Elise.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Wyoming.;

  • 授予单位 University of Wyoming.;
  • 学科 Ecology.;Forestry.;Climate change.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 215 p.
  • 总页数 215
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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