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首页> 外文学位 >The reproductive biology, mating system, and genetic consequences of chasmogamous and cleistogamous flower production in violets (Viola).
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The reproductive biology, mating system, and genetic consequences of chasmogamous and cleistogamous flower production in violets (Viola).

机译：紫罗兰（中提琴）的花状和枝状开花的生殖生物学，交配系统和遗传后果。

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摘要

The production of open, chasmogamous (CH) flowers and closed, self-pollinated cleistogamous (CL) flowers on an individual is an unusual mating system found in several plant species. The goal of my dissertation research was to study the genetic consequences of this system and the factors that help maintain it in violets (Viola spp.). I examined the reproductive biology of Viola pubescens to determine the importance of both flower types in reproduction. Similar numbers of CH and CL flowers were produced at different times during the flowering season, but CH flowers produced twice as many mature seeds as CL flowers. Both capsule types had similar numbers of seeds of comparable mass, with no difference in emergence of CH and CL seedlings. Under natural conditions, CH flowers could receive outcross pollen from insect pollinators and were also capable of delayed selfing if left unvisited. The selfing rate in CH flowers of V. pubescens over a two-year period was variable and sometimes substantial (0.60 and 0.07). Thus, CH flowers may not always be outcrossed, as is often assumed. Because selfing was common, I measured the level of inbreeding depression in a related species, Viola canadensis (low seed germination in V. pubescens made it intractable for this study). Selfed and outcrossed CH flowers produced similar numbers of seeds and both progeny types had similar survival rates and number of CH flowers, although outcrossed progeny had 14% greater vegetative biomass than selfed progeny. The level of inbreeding depression was low (0.10), indicating there are few disadvantages to selfing. In addition, fitness differences due to flower type were minimal. Because self-pollination may lead to reduced genetic variation, I measured the genetic structure of six populations of V. pubescens using isozyme and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. With both techniques, there was considerable genetic variation in all populations; population structuring was indicated by unique alleles and a &thetas; (Fst) value of 0.29 (using isozyme data). Viola pubescens has a true mixed mating system in which selfing through CL and CH flowers contributes to population differentiation, and outcrossing through CH flowers increases variation and gene flow among populations.
机译：在个体上产生开放的，簇绒状的（CH）花和封闭的，自花授粉的复性（CL）的花是在几种植物中发现的不寻常的交配系统。我的论文研究的目的是研究该系统的遗传后果以及有助于维持紫罗兰（ Viola spp。）的因素。我检查了中提琴的生殖生物学，以确定这两种花在生殖中的重要性。在开花季节的不同时间产生相似数量的CH和CL花，但CH花产生的成熟种子是CL花的两倍。两种荚膜类型的种子具有相似数量的类似质量的种子，CH和CL幼苗的出苗没有差异。在自然条件下，CH花可以从昆虫授粉者那里获得异花粉，如果不去看，它们也能够延迟自交。在两年的时间内， pubescens 的CH花的自交率是可变的，有时是很大的（0.60和0.07）。因此，CH花并不总是像通常所认为的那样越界越好。因为自交很普遍，所以我测量了相关物种加拿大中提琴的近交衰退水平（ V。pubescens 种子发芽率低，使得该研究难以处理）。自交和异交的CH花产生相似数量的种子，并且两种后代具有相似的存活率和CH花的数量，尽管异交的后代的营养生物量比自交后代高14％。近交抑郁的程度很低（0.10），表明自交无害。此外，因花型而造成的健身差异很小。因为自花授粉可能导致遗传变异减少，所以我测量了六个 V种群的遗传结构。同工酶和简单序列间重复序列（ISSR）标记。两种技术在所有人群中都有相当大的遗传变异。独特的等位基因和θ表示种群结构。 （F st ）值为0.29（使用同功酶数据）。 pubiscens 具有真正的混合交配系统，其中通过CL和CH花的自交有助于种群分化，而通过CH花的异交会增加种群之间的变异和基因流。

著录项

  • 作者

    Culley, Theresa Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.; Biology Genetics.; Biology Plant Physiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 p.2336
  • 总页数 144
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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