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首页> 外文学位 >Molecular biology of flower development in Viola pubescens, a species with the chasmogamous-cleistogamous mixed breeding system.
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Molecular biology of flower development in Viola pubescens, a species with the chasmogamous-cleistogamous mixed breeding system.

机译：具有中绒毛-杂种杂种混合育种系统的中提琴花发育的分子生物学。

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摘要

Plants with both open, out-crossing chasmogamous and closed, self-pollinating cleistogamous flowers are distributed over 50 angiosperm families. The chasmogamous-cleistogamous mixed breeding system is a successful reproductive strategy because it can ensure seed output over a range of environmental and pollinator conditions and maintain sexually produced progeny even in the absence of pollination agents. Many ecologists and biologists have conducted research on the mixed breeding system, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The research presented here examined the molecular biology of flower development in a widespread North American violet, Viola pubescens. The plant growth regulator gibberellic acid (GA) was reported to induce chasmogamous flowers from cleistogamous ones in some species. Two genes, VGA20ox and VGA3ox, which encode key enzymes (GA20 oxidase and GA3 oxidase) in the biosynthesis of GA, were identified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) from V. pubescens. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR indicated that both genes exhibited increased expression in chasmogamous flowers compared to cleistogamous flowers. Exogenous application of GA3, however, did not induce cleistogamous flowers to open. Thus, GA is involved in the mixed breeding system, but it is not sufficient to convert the closed status of cleistogamous flowers in V. pubescens. GA was demonstrated to target the floral meristem identity gene LEAFY ( LFY) in Arabidopsis. Two LFY orthologs (VLFY1 and VLFY2) were obtained by screening a genomic library of V. pubescens. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR suggested the two LFY orthologs function together in the early stages of development of both flower types. Analysis of their promoters indicated they might be differentially regulated. The ABCE floral organ identity genes come into play once the floral meristems are determined. Two A class genes (VAP1 and VAP2), two B class genes (VAP3 and VPI), one C class gene ( VAG) and one E class gene (VSEP3) were identified by RT-PCR. The differential expression patterns of the ABCE floral genes between the chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers were consistent with their morphological differences. Taken together, most of the floral genes examined here in V. pubescens were expressed differently between the two flower types, which might be a response to the different environmental conditions under which the two flower types were produced, contributing to the production of both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers.
机译：在50个被子植物科中分布有开放的，异交的和异花的，封闭的，自花授粉的复花的植物。顺带一妻一妻多夫混合育种系统是一种成功的繁殖策略，因为它可以确保在各种环境和授粉条件下的种子产量，即使没有授粉剂也可以保持有性繁殖的后代。许多生态学家和生物学家都对混合育种系统进行了研究，但是其潜在的分子机制仍然未知。此处进行的研究检查了北美广泛分布的紫罗兰（Viola pubescens）花朵发育的分子生物学。据报道，在某些物种中，植物生长调节剂赤霉素（GA）可以诱导来自杂种优势花朵的杂种花朵。通过逆转录酶聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）鉴定了来自毛毛线虫的两个基因VGA20ox和VGA3ox，它们编码GA生物合成中的关键酶（GA20氧化酶和GA3氧化酶）。半定量RT-PCR表明与杂种花相比，这两种基因在杂种花中均表现出增加的表达。但是，外源应用GA3并不会导致花嫁花的开放。因此，GA参与了混合育种系统，但不足以转换pubescens中的cleosogamous花的关闭状态。 GA被证明靶向拟南芥中​​的花分生组织同一性基因LEAFY（LFY）。通过筛选耻骨弧菌的基因组文库，获得了两个LFY直系同源物（VLFY1和VLFY2）。半定量RT-PCR表明，两种LFY直系同源物在两种花的发育的早期阶段一起起作用。对它们的启动子的分析表明，它们可能受到不同的调控。确定花分生组织后，ABCE花器官同一性基因就会发挥作用。通过RT-PCR鉴定出两个A类基因（VAP1和VAP2），两个B类基因（VAP3和VPI），一个C类基因（VAG）和一个E类基因（VSEP3）。顺花和顺花的花之间ABCE花基因的差异表达模式与其形态上的差异是一致的。综上所述，这里在pubescens。pubescens中检查的大多数花卉基因在两种花类型之间的表达都不同，这可能是对两种花在其下产生的不同环境条件的响应，从而导致了两性和六性的产生。花朵。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wang, Yunjing.;

  • 作者单位

    Ohio University.;

  • 授予单位 Ohio University.;
  • 学科 Biology Molecular.; Biology Plant Physiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 109 p.
  • 总页数 109
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 分子遗传学;植物学;
  • 关键词

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