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首页> 外文学位 >Citizen journalism as a supplement to reporting on environmental issues: Examining the viewpoint diversity of arctic oil drilling in citizen-involved news.
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Citizen journalism as a supplement to reporting on environmental issues: Examining the viewpoint diversity of arctic oil drilling in citizen-involved news.

机译：公民新闻作为对环境问题报道的补充：在涉及公民的新闻中考察北极石油钻探的观点多样性。

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摘要

Citizen journalism plays the role of supplementing legacy news outlets by providing alternative angles possibly absent from those outlets. Arguments about environmental issues in mainstream news outlets usually focus on limited viewpoints, and citizen journalism has the potential to increase the visibility of minor viewpoints about environmental issues. Using the hierarchical model of influence on news content (Shoemaker & Reese, 1991), this study examines different levels of citizen-involved activities to predict the presence of minority viewpoints in the news. Instead of treating citizen journalism sites as homogeneous organizations, this study looks into several levels of citizen-involved activities (individual vs. organizational) and features (online-only, opinionated, non-profit, community-focused, and alternative mission) to incorporate different ways and formats of citizen participation in newsmaking.;Arctic oil drilling was selected as a case study because of its wide range of geographic impact (local, national, and global) and the potentially diverse viewpoints that can be advocated. A sample was collected from the Google News database and environmental citizen sites on the Knight Community News Network and the Columbia Journalism Review. A content analysis was conducted using news stories and opinion pieces appearing between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2015. An eight-predictor logistic regression model was computed to test whether citizen journalism increases the number and proportion of minority viewpoints presented in the media. Two additional logistic regression models were applied to compare predictors of minority viewpoints among professional and citizen journalists.;This study contributes to an understanding of the hierarchical model of influence by testing the model under the circumstances where media routines and organizational influences differ significantly from traditional media settings. Results show that the chance citizen writers express opposing and minority viewpoints is solely determined by the norms of journalistic format---new insights are usually given in opinion pieces rather than news stories. Apart from journalistic format, professional journalists' work is also predicted by available resources in media routines and by regional audience's preferences outside the news organizations. The professional routines and requirements to fulfill the organization's goals do not apply to citizen journalists' work. Citizen authorship or stories published on sites accepting user-submitted stories do not add new or alternative viewpoints to the issue discussion. Instead, citizen journalists tend to defend their positions by giving more popular rationales---for example, ecological sustainability. Citizens' work published in news media helps strengthen the popular viewpoints instead of supplementing alternative views into public discussion. Methodologically, this study provides a quantifiable and replicable measurement of viewpoint diversity that can be applied to examine different public issues in media content.
机译：公民新闻界通过提供新闻媒体可能不存在的替代角度来扮演补充传统新闻媒体的角色。主流新闻媒体对环境问题的争论通常集中在有限的观点上，公民新闻业有可能增加对环境问题的次要观点的知名度。本研究使用对新闻内容的影响的分层模型（Shoemaker和Reese，1991），研究了公民参与活动的不同水平，以预测新闻中少数群体观点的存在。这项研究没有将公民新闻站点视为同质组织，而是研究了公民参与活动（个人与组织）的几个层次和功能（仅在线，有目的，非营利，以社区为中心和替代任务）以纳入公民参与新闻制作的方式和形式各不相同。北极石油钻探之所以被选为案例研究，是因为它具有广泛的地理影响力（本地，国家和全球），并且可以倡导多种多样的观点。从Google新闻数据库和Knight Community News Network和《哥伦比亚新​​闻评论》上的环境公民站点收集了一个样本。使用2012年1月1日至2015年12月31日之间出现的新闻报道和舆论进行内容分析。计算了八预测逻辑回归模型，以检验公民新闻是否增加了媒体上少数群体观点的数量和比例。 。应用了两个额外的逻辑回归模型来比较专业记者和公民记者中少数群体观点的预测因素。本研究通过在媒体惯例和组织影响力与传统媒体有显着差异的情况下测试该模型，从而有助于理解影响力的分层模型设置。结果表明，公民作家表达反对意见和少数派观点的机会完全取决于新闻格式的规范-新见解通常是在观点文章中而不是在新闻报道中。除了新闻格式外，还可以根据媒体惯例中的可用资源以及新闻组织外部地区观众的喜好来预测专业新闻工作者的工作。实现组织目标的专业惯例和要求不适用于公民记者的工作。在接受用户提交的故事的网站上发布的公民著作权或故事不会在问题讨论中添加新的观点或替代观点。取而代之的是，公民记者倾向于通过提供更多流行的理由来捍卫自己的立场，例如生态可持续性。在新闻媒体上发表的公民作品有助于加强大众观点，而不是在公众讨论中补充其他观点。从方法上讲，这项研究提供了一种可量化且可复制的观点多样性测量方法，可用于检查媒体内容中的不同公共问题。

著录项

  • 作者

    Huang, Kanni.;

  • 作者单位

    Michigan State University.;

  • 授予单位 Michigan State University.;
  • 学科 Journalism.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 146 p.
  • 总页数 146
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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