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Nitrogen, oxygen and the noble gases as tracers of upper-ocean productivity and air-sea gas fluxes.

机译：氮，氧和稀有气体是上层海洋生产力和海气通量的示踪剂。

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摘要

In this study, measurements and modeling of dissolved nitrogen, oxygen and the noble gases are used to investigate biogeochemical fluxes of elements and physical processes of gas exchange to better understand the cycling of carbon within the ocean/atmosphere system. The first aspect of my work involved a year-long deployment of autonomous underwater gliders, called Seagliders, equipped with oxygen sensors to study the upper ocean in the subtropical North Pacific gyre near Hawaii. Using data collected by Seagliders and an oxygen mass balance approach, I was able to constrain the annual net community production of oxygen and organic carbon at my study site. The continuous nature of Seaglider data also allowed me to investigate the role of mesoscale variability in driving primary productivity in the subtropical upper ocean. During Seaglider deployments, four productivity events were observed with elevated oxygen and fluorescence in the deep euphotic zone, each of which corresponded to isopycnal shoaling events induced by passing Rossby waves. Seaglider temperature and salinity measurements were also used to investigate mixing rates in the upper thermocline. In the second main component of this study I made measurements of Kr/Ar and delta 40Ar in deep ocean water and, along with other inert gas measurements, used a hierarchy of models to better understand ventilation processes during deepwater formation and rates of bubble fluxes. Using box models, I was able to demonstrate that most box models greatly overestimate the amount of ventilation at high latitudes because the surface-areas of high latitude boxes are too large. I used noble gas measurements to constrain an appropriate high latitude surface area of about 3% of total ocean surface area, which when applied in box models, results in gas cycling that is much more consistent with general circulation model results. Inert gas measurements were also used to constrain the flux of bubbles across the air-sea interface and I proposed new parameters to calculate bubble fluxes from 10-meter windspeed.
机译：在这项研究中，溶解氮，氧和稀有气体的测量和建模用于研究元素的生物地球化学通量和气体交换的物理过程，以更好地了解海洋/大气系统中碳的循环。我的工作的第一方面涉及长达一年的自主水下滑翔机（称为Seagliders）的部署，该滑翔机配备了氧气传感器，用于研究夏威夷附近亚热带北太平洋回旋的上层海洋。通过使用Seagliders收集的数据和氧气质量平衡方法，我可以限制研究地点氧气和有机碳的年度净社区产量。 Seaglider数据的连续性也使我能够研究中尺度变化在驱动亚热带上层海洋初级生产力中的作用。在Seaglider部署期间，在深水富营养区中观察到了四个氧气和荧光升高的生产力事件，每个事件都对应于通过Rossby波引起的等渗浅滩事件。还使用Seaglider温度和盐度测量来研究上温跃层中的混合速率。在这项研究的第二个主要组成部分中，我对深海水中的Kr / Ar和Delta 40Ar进行了测量，并与其他惰性气体测量一起，使用了层次结构的模型来更好地理解深水形成过程中的通风过程和气泡通量率。使用盒子模型，我能够证明大多数盒子模型大大高估了高纬度地区的通风量，因为高纬度盒子的表面积太大。我使用稀有气体测量值来限制约占海洋总表面积3％的适当高纬度表面积，将其应用到箱形模型中后，气体循环与一般环流模型的结果更加一致。惰性气体的测量结果也被用来限制气泡在空气-海洋界面的通量，我提出了新的参数来根据10米的风速计算气泡通量。

著录项

  • 作者

    Nicholson, David.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Washington.;

  • 授予单位 University of Washington.;
  • 学科 Chemical Oceanography.;Physical Oceanography.;Climate Change.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 164 p.
  • 总页数 164
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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