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A quantitative evaluation method for the promotion of cleaner production using non-chlorinated cleaning alternatives in electroplating job shops.

机译：电镀车间使用非氯化清洁替代品促进清洁生产的定量评估方法。

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摘要

This study is to promote cleaner production using non-chlorinated alternative cleaners in parts cleaning of electroplating job shops. The approach describes the environmental and health effects associated with five chlorinated cleaning solvents through literature review, and develops an entirely systematic and comprehensive evaluation method to select non-chlorinated alternative cleaners.;The chlorinated solvents are environmentally unsafe and are detrimental to worker health and safety. As a result of these findings, government agencies have strictly regulated the production and use of these chlorinated solvents. These regulations, have been the driving force toward cleaner production using non-chlorinated alternative cleaners.;Six electroplating job shops were selected to quantify the various common substrate types to be cleaned and identify the common contaminant types. Eight compatible alternative cleaners were chosen from Surface Cleaning Laboratory data base of the Toxics Use Reduction Institute in the University of Massachusetts Lowell. The two most effective alternative cleaners were selected.;The results of cleaning effectiveness were compared for the variables in a WE vapor degreaser and in ultrasonic and low pressure spray units using the two alternative cleaners. The environmental and health hazards for TCE and the two alternative cleaners were quantified by P2OASYS. Economic analyses of each option was performed using the total cost assessment method.;This study ascertained that the most common substrate types are steel, copper, and aluminum. The most common contaminant types were metal working fluids and machining oils. TCE vapor degreaser removed almost 100% (ave. = 99.90%). The two alternative cleaners had cleaning efficiencies greater than 100%. The metal loss effect was stronger in alternative cleaner one (ave. = 106.80%) than alternative cleaner two (ave. = 101.80%). Metal loss was directly related to the cleaning method used.;The final hazard scores of P2OASYS showed that TCE is much more hazardous than the two alternative cleaners selected. This study found P2OASYS to have shortcomings in evaluating the potential hazards. Therefore, the scores determined by this study can be inaccurate to some unknown degree. A new method of P2OASYS was developed. The quantitative/objective data is no longer influenced by the qualitative/subjective data. The new method is most accurate when all data about each mixture as a whole is available.;This study also found that the use of non-chlorinated alternative cleaners is much more cost-effective than that of the chlorinated cleaning solvents. This study demonstrates that it is possible to develop alternative cleaning methods for electroplating job shops that are effective, safe and efficient. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
机译：这项研究是为了在电镀车间的零件清洁中使用非氯化替代清洁剂来促进清洁生产。该方法通过文献综述描述了与五种氯化清洁溶剂有关的环境和健康影响，并开发了一种系统，全面的评估方法来选择非氯化替代清洁剂。氯化溶剂对环境不安全，不利于工人的健康和安全。 。这些发现的结果是，政府机构已经严格管制了这些氯化溶剂的生产和使用。这些法规一直是使用非氯化替代清洁剂进行清洁生产的动力。选择了六个电镀车间，以量化要清洁的各种常见基材类型并确定常见的污染物类型。从马萨诸塞州洛厄尔大学有毒物质减少研究所的表面清洁实验室数据库中选择了八种兼容的替代清洁剂。选择了两种最有效的替代清洁剂。使用两种替代清洁剂，比较了WE蒸汽脱脂剂，超声波和低压喷雾装置中变量的清洁效果结果。通过P2OASYS对TCE和两种替代清洁剂的环境和健康危害进行了量化。使用总成本评估方法对每个选项进行了经济分析。该研究确定了最常见的基材类型是钢，铜和铝。最常见的污染物类型是金属加工液和机油。 TCE蒸汽脱脂剂去除率几乎为100％（平均= 99.90％）。两种替代清洁剂的清洁效率均超过100％。替代清洁剂一（平均= 106.80％）比替代清洁剂二（平均= 101.80％）的金属损失效应更强。金属损失与所使用的清洁方法直接相关。； P2OASYS的最终危险评分显示，TCE比所选的两种替代清洁剂更具危害性。这项研究发现P2OASYS在评估潜在危害方面存在缺陷。因此，这项研究确定的分数可能在某种程度上是不准确的。开发了一种新的P2OASYS方法。定量/客观数据不再受定性/主观数据的影响。当可以获得每种混合物整体的所有数据时，新方法最准确。该研究还发现，使用非氯化代清洁剂比使用氯代清洁剂更具成本效益。这项研究表明，可以为电镀车间开发有效，安全和高效的替代清洁方法。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Choi, Myung Hurn.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Massachusetts Lowell.;

  • 授予单位 University of Massachusetts Lowell.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.;Environmental Sciences.;Engineering Environmental.
  • 学位 D.Sc.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 226 p.
  • 总页数 226
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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