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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Evaluating Small-Scale Enterprise Promotion: State-of-the-Art, Methodologies and Future Alternatives
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Evaluating Small-Scale Enterprise Promotion: State-of-the-Art, Methodologies and Future Alternatives

机译：评估小规模企业促进：最先进的，方法论和未来的替代方案

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As part of a project to develop a handbook to evaluate the impact of small-scale enterprise (SSE) projects, this state-of-the-art paper reviews methodologies currently used in evaluating SSE projects. After defining common terms of reference for SSE practitioners, the author reviews the key determinants of SSE evaluation methodologies (level and users of and data bases for evaluation; budgetary and timing parameters) and points out the need to examine the trade-offs between these determinants critically. An analytical framework for assessing the impact of SSE's, focusing on the development hypotheses underlying SSE projects and the hierarchy of impacts (on enterprises, on the community, and on benefit and cost distribution), is delineated, as are linkages within the hierarchy. Alternative SSE evaluation methodologies are examined in terms of their functional components (indicators of an SSE project's direct impact on an enterprise's profitability and sustainability and on community income and employment; data collection techniques; and methods of data analysis). Stress is given to: the importance of indicators of why the project was helpful or not; its qualitative effect on the enterprise; and enterprise-community interaction. Suggestions are made to improve formal and informal data collection techniques. A detailed plan of action for follow-on field work in four countries is presented. Appendices detail the U.S. institutions and the literature reviewed (101 items, 1964-80) for the study, and include abstracts of 10 SSE impact evaluations.

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