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The origins and development of teacher unions in Florida, 1945 to 1975: A study in organizational politics.

机译：1945年至1975年在佛罗里达州的工会组织的起源和发展：组织政治研究。

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摘要

This study examines the development of teacher unions in Florida from World War II until 1975. After the war the state faced a financial crisis in the public schools. This resulted largely from a rapidly increasing urban population coupled with a very narrow tax base. One aspect of that financial crisis was a shortage of teachers caused by low teacher salaries. Activist teachers sought to make the Florida Education Association (FEA) more responsive to their concerns about salaries and working conditions. Although Association leaders incorporated some teacher issues into their legislative programs, superintendents and other school administrators maintained control of the organization. Thus the FEA, which represented rank- and-file teachers, often promulgated policies reflecting the often conflicting interests of management. Because activist teachers failed to gain a greater voice in the Association they also remained unsuccessful in winning legislative support from the business, anti-tax interests that resisted increased school funding. However, they had greater success in the 1960s, when events occurred nationally which had an enormous impact on the teachers and politics of Florida.;In the early 1960s the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) challenged the National Education Association (NEA) for leadership of America's teachers. The Federation's program advocated collective bargaining and strikes to increase teachers' salaries and improve their working conditions. NEA leaders denounced the union strategy, and developed an Association program of professional negotiations and sanctions to counter the AFT campaign. In the process NEA evolved into more a teacher advocacy organization as its leadership, and leaders of its affiliates struggled to shed their managerial perspective both in policies and personnel. The AFT challenge and the NEA resistance resulted in a national jurisdictional war between the two organizations.;Warfare between the NEA and the AFT had a significant impact in Florida. Growing urban locals of the FEA, the NEA's Florida affiliates, especially the one in Dade County, adopted the Association strategy to seek negotiation rights for teachers. Teacher activists from the urban locals also sought to create a more militant state organization. They succeeded, and in 1968, in the midst of a public school financial crisis, urban leaders allied with NEA activists provoked the nation's first statewide walkout of America's teachers. The strike led to a state collective bargaining law and the emergence of two statewide teacher unions in Florida, one allied with the AFT and the other with the NEA.
机译：这项研究考察了从第二次世界大战到1975年佛罗里达州教师工会的发展情况。战后，该州在公立学校中面临财务危机。这主要是由于城市人口迅速增加，加上税基非常狭窄。财务危机的一个方面是教师工资低造成的教师短缺。维权人士的老师试图使佛罗里达教育协会（FEA）对他们对薪水和工作条件的担忧做出更迅速的反应。尽管协会负责人将一些教师问题纳入了他们的立法计划，但总监和其他学校管理人员仍对该组织保持控制。因此，代表普通教师的FEA经常颁布政策，反映出管理方面经常相互冲突的利益。由于激进型教师未能在协会中获得更大的发言权，他们在获得企业的立法支持方面仍然没有成功，反税收利益抵制了学校经费的增加。然而，他们在1960年代取得了更大的成功，当时全国范围内发生的事件对佛罗里达的教师和政治产生了巨大影响。； 1960年代初，美国教师联合会（AFT）向国家教育协会（NEA）提出了挑战美国的老师。联邦的计划提倡集体谈判和罢工，以增加教师的工资并改善他们的工作条件。 NEA领导人谴责了工会战略，并制定了一项针对专业谈判和制裁的协会计划，以对抗AFT运动。在此过程中，NEA逐渐发展成为一个教师倡导组织，作为其领导者，其分支机构的领导者都在努力摆脱政策和人员方面的管理观点。 AFT的挑战和NEA的抵抗导致了两个组织之间的国家管辖权战争。NEA和AFT之间的战争对佛罗里达产生了重大影响。 NEA在佛罗里达州的分支机构，尤其是在戴德县的分支机构，是FEA日益增长的城市本地人，他们采用协会策略来寻求教师的谈判权。来自城市当地人的教师活动家们也试图建立一个更加激进的国家组织。他们成功了，1968年，在公立学校金融危机中，与NEA活动家结盟的城市领导人激怒了美国，这是美国首次在全州范围内罢课。罢工导致了州集体谈判法的产生，并在佛罗里达州成立了两个州级教师工会，一个工会与美国财政部联合，另一个与NEA联合。

著录项

  • 作者

    Makowsky, Michael Richard.;

  • 作者单位

    The Florida State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Florida State University.;
  • 学科 History United States.;Sociology Industrial and Labor Relations.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1998
  • 页码 309 p.
  • 总页数 309
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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